BACKGROUND Rheumatic symptoms were commonly described among soldiers who served in previous wars. OBJECTIVE To describe the frequency of rheumatology consultations, along with the diagnoses, and abnormal results on serologic testing in Gulf War veterans evaluated for Gulf War syndrome. METHODS The medical records of the first 250 consecutive Gulf War veterans referred to the comprehensive c...

Chemical warfare agents are the most brutal weapons among the weapons of mass destruction. Sulfur mustard (SM) is a potent toxic alkylating agent known as “the King of the Battle Gases”. SM has been the most widely used chemical weapon during the wars. It was widely used in World War I. Thereafter, it was extensively employed by the Iraqi troops against the Iranian military personnel and even c...

Background: Mustard gas is a disabling chemical weapon and was widely used in first world war and Iraq-Iran war. Its toxic effects could be acute or chronic and they could particularly affects lungs, eyes and skin. Objective: To study the frequency of chronic complications of sulfure Mustard gas in Iranian victims 14 to 20 years after exposure. Patients and Methods: This descriptive cross-secti...

post-traumatic stress disorder (ptsd) may develop after a terrifying event involving physical injury or the threat of physical harm in war. eight years of war after iraq attacked iran (between 1980-1988) caused thousands of ptsd among iranian soldiers as well as civilians. many of those people are suffering several decades from this form of anxiety most now a complicated form of complex ptsd. y...

Recent models of cognition in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) predict that trauma-related, but not neutral, processing should be differentially affected in these patients, compared to trauma-exposed controls. This study compared a group of 50 patients with PTSD related to the war in Bosnia and a group of 50 controls without PTSD but exposed to trauma from the war, using the DRM method to i...

PURPOSE We compiled all cases of urethral injury received in battle during the Civil War to detail their management and determine the outcome of treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS Surgeon medical reports of individual cases of urethral injury listed in the Medical and Surgical History of the Civil War, and pension records available in the National Archives and Records Administration were review...

Arthrodesis is a surgical procedure that results in fusion of the joint and bony ankylosis. With this operation, we can achieve satisfactory function of the limb in cases in which options for different treatments no longer exist. Severe joint destruction, joint infections, and nonunions, as well as complex war injuries (with large bone and soft tissue defects), are indications for arthrodesis. ...

War as a human disaster of major significance has led to an increase in the number of suicides committed by people suffering from mental disorders. Considering the results of similar research, we were particularly interested in the effect that war has on the incidence of suicide among of people with mental disorders. The research included 16,362 patients with mental disorders, treated at the Cl...

The treatment of non union and delayed union of fractures and also defects resulting from bone cysts or bone tumors by bone grafting is reported and also we have used it. In these Papers the results of bone grafting for surgical treatment of 23 war injured patients with bone lost is reported, and our results were good. 

STUDY OBJECTIVES Screening for pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) in war refugees entering low-prevalence countries for TB is a common policy, but workup strategies are difficult and expensive. DESIGN Prospective screening of war refugees for TB by chest radiograph and evaluation of the impact of additional polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing for Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTB) on clini...