The Limulus endotoxin assay was compared to the standard plate count and total coliform count for assessment of the bacteriological quality of reclaimed wastewater. A total of 48 water samples from an advanced waste treatment plant in Dallas, Tex. were examined by the three techniques. Limulus assays were technically simpler to perform and provided results much sooner than conventional culture ...

The submerged membrane bioreactor (SMBR) is a promising technology for wastewater treatment and water reclamation. This paper provides an overview of wastewater treatment in a submerged membrane bioreactor process with a special focus on municipal wastewater systems. SMBRs predict more than 95% organic removal with relative short hydraulic retention times (HRTs) of 1-8 h and NH3 removal of more...

BACKGROUND Application of membrane technology to wastewater treatment has expanded over the last decades due to increasingly stringent legislation, greater opportunities for water reuse/recycling processes and continuing advancement in membrane technology. OBJECTIVES In the present study, a bench-scale submerged microfiltration membrane bioreactor (MBR) was used to assess the treatment of tex...

On-site wastewater treatment poses a challenging problem for engineers. It requires a balance of appropriate levels of technology and the operational complexity necessary to obtain high-quality effluent together with adequate reliability and simplicity to accommodate infrequent maintenance and monitoring. This review covers how these issues have been addressed in on-site wastewater treatment in...

Cities worldwide are facing a growing water crisis with challenges from climate change, population growth, and deteriorating infrastructure that threatens economic development, social welfare, and environmental sustainability. New strategies are needed for water/wastewater treatment and distribution that will reduce the need to pump water over long distances and provide opportunities to reuse w...

Fresh water source scarcity in arid and semiarid area is limitation factor for saline-sodic soil reclamation. The reusing of agricultural drainage and industrial wastewater are preferred strategies for combating with this concern. The objective of current study was evaluation in application of industrial sugar manufacture wastewater due to high soluble organic compounds in saline-sodic and sodi...