Diffusive heat flux at the soil surface is commonly determined as a mean value over a time period using heat flux plates buried at some depth (e.g., 5–8 cm) below the surface with a correction to surface flux based on the change in heat storage during the corresponding time period in the soil layer above the plates. The change in heat storage is based on the soil temperature change in the layer...

the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of reforestation on physical and chemical soil properties particularly soil carbon storage in the berenjastanak forest. forestations were including acer velotinum boiss., fraxinus excelsior l., populus nigra l. and pinus brutia ten. a witness forest with mixed species was selected as region potential. four soil profiles were drilled in each fo...

due to the lack of fresh water resources, the use of saline water for the production of plants such as wheat and kochia is inevitable. to sustain production, the effect of saline water on the plants and soil in each region must be studied. therefore in this paper, the effects of irrigation with saline water to produce plants such as wheat and kochia, as well as changes in the soil salinity prof...

The knowledge on the spatial distribution of soil available water capacity at a regional or national extent is essential, as soil water capacity is a component of the water and energy balances in the terrestrial ecosystem. It controls the evapotranspiration rate, and has a major impact on climate. This paper demonstrates a protocol for mapping soil available water capacity in South Korea at a f...

Yield of dryland crops grown on stored water is determined by water use from the profile which, in turn, is related to the extent of root proliferation in different layers. Plow-soles of high strength may retard root growth and adversely affect crop production. We determined the effect of initial profile water storage and soil compaction below the seed on the growth and the yield of dryland whe...

iron oxide minerals in soils provide valuable insights into pedogenic processes. a wealth of such information has been obtained by rock magnetic investigations on temperate soils but similar studies on tropical soils are rare. here, we report rock magnetic data on pristine soil profiles and surficial soils from five catchments in the tropical southern india and throw light on the pedogenic pro...

Tillage practices can redistribute the soil profiles, and thus affects soil organic carbon (SOC), and its storage. The stratification ratio (SR) can be an indicator of soil quality. This study was conducted to determine tillage effects on the profile distribution of certain soil properties in winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and summer maize (Zea mays L.) systems in the North China Plain (NC...

long-term application of fertilizers containing p, especially organic fertilizers, usually increases the water soluble and available p of soil and at the same time may result in p accumulation in soil. organic fertilizers may also increase movement of p in the soil profile that could result in surface and ground water pollution. an experiment was conducted on field plots that received three app...

different construction materials with different roughness used to make circular weirs highly affect surface roughness and, in turn, flow hydraulics passing over these structures.  in the present research, numerous experiments under different hydraulic conditions were performed on a physical model to study the effects of roughness on flow hydraulics over a circular weir. the flow hydraulics incl...