The expectations of the average number of nucleotide differences per site (x), the proportion of segregating site (s) , the minimum number of mutations per site ( s * ) and some other quantities were derived under the finite site models with and without rate variation among sites, where the finite site models include Jukes and Cantor’s model, the equal-input model and Kimura’s model. As a model...

Telokin, an abundant gizzard protein, inhibited phosphorylation of regulatory light chain when filamentous myosin was used as the substrate but no inhibition was observed with myosin subfragment 1. At physiological telokin-to-myosin molar ratio (1:1), the inhibition amounted to a 3.5-fold reduction in the initial phosphorylation rate whereas at high molar excess of telokin over myosin, we obser...

The major histocompatibility complex (MHC) contains the most polymorphic genetic system in humans, the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) genes of the adaptive immune system. High allelic diversity in HLA is argued to be maintained by balancing selection, such as negative frequency-dependent selection or heterozygote advantage. Selective pressure against immune escape by pathogens can maintain appre...

We present the data required to establish the complete amino acid sequence of bovine brain modulator protein, the multifunctional calcium-dependent regulatory protein. Bovine brain modulator protein contains 148 amino acid residues and has a molecular mass of 16,680 daltons. The protein commences with an acetylated alanyl residue in accord with the previous report that its NH2 terminus was bloc...

Problem statement: Gohilwari breed of goat is a multipurpose goat mainly for milk and meat purposes and best suited in its harsh climatic condition. This breed is inadequately characterized till now at DNA level. So the present study was undertaken for population genetic analysis at molecular level to exploit the breed for planning sustainable improvement, conservation and utilization, which su...

We investigated the role of metabotropic glutamate receptor type 5 (mGluR5) in methamphetamine-induced behavioral sensitization. The mGluR5 positive allosteric modulator (3-cyano-N-(1,3-diphenyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl) benzamide (CDPPB) and negative allosteric modulator fenobam were tested in separate experiments. Sprague-Dawley rats were repeatedly injected with 1 mg/kg methamphetamine or saline, and...

Thoroughbred horses have been selected for exceptional racing performance resulting in system-wide structural and functional adaptations contributing to elite athletic phenotypes. Because selection has been recent and intense in a closed population that stems from a small number of founder animals Thoroughbreds represent a unique population within which to identify genomic contributions to exer...

1.1. Motivations. The Kingman coalescent, see [17, 18], allows to describe the genealogy of n individuals in a Wright–Fisher model, when the size of the whole population is very large and time is well rescaled. In what follows, we consider only neutral DNA mutations and the infinite sites model introduced by Kimura [16], where each mutation occurs at a new site. In particular, if an individual ...

1. Issenberg SB, McGaghie WC, Hart IR, et al. Simulation technology for health care professional skills training and assessment. JAMA 1999; 282: 861-866. 2. Watterson L, Flanagan B, Donovan B, Robinson B. Anaesthetic simulators: training for the broader health-care profession. Aust N Z J Surg 2000; 70: 735-737. 3. Riley R. The use of simulators in medicine. In: Keneally J, editor. Australian an...

Aim To identify the nature, frequency and incidence of prescribing errors on a PICU. Method Electronic intervention data was collected over two-week period for all patients admitted to or currently A purposefully designed electronic collection form developed using Microsoft Excel piloted by researchers in advance commencing audit ensure fitness use. Data moment retrospectively as outlined below...