ER. Animal-based national surveillance for zoonotic disease: quality, limitations , and implications of a model system for monitoring rabies. To the Editor: Diphyllobothrium latum, a fi sh tapeworm, has a complex cycle including copepods and freshwater fi sh as intermediate hosts. Humans are infected by eating raw or undercooked fi sh meat. Clinical consequences of human infection are generally...

On 30 April 2009, the Communicable Disease Control Branch (CDCB) South Australia was notified of a Salmonella infection in a person who attended a wedding reception on 25 April 2009. Several other attendees reported becoming unwell with a similar gastrointestinal illness. The CDCB commenced an investigation to: characterise the outbreak in terms of person, place and time; identify probable sour...

BACKGROUND Penile strangulation is a rarely described medical emergency. Removal of the strangulating object is challenging, with a lack of proper guidelines. OBJECTIVE To describe the challenges faced during an attempt to urgently remove a metal object (wedding ring) constricting an erect penis. METHODS We report a case of penile strangulation with a wedding ring in an adult man who presen...

The Bucharest Early Intervention Project is the first ever randomized controlled trial of foster care as an alternative to institutional care for young abandoned children. This article examines ethical issues in the conceptualization and implementation of the study, which involved American investigators conducting research in another country, as well as vulnerable participants. We organize the ...

Background The purpose of mammography screening is to decrease breast cancer mortality. To achieve this a high coverage by examination is needed. Within an organized screening programme, we examined the impact of changes in the invitation schedule on the interplay between coverage and participation. Method We studied nine cohorts aged 50-51 when first targeted by mammography screening in Copenh...

We report on the effects of etiology and age on the linguistic outcomes in a large pediatric hemispherectomy population. Four populations were considered separately: cortical dysplasia (multilobar involvement), Rasmussen's encephalitis, infarction as a primary etiology and, fourth, children who failed to develop language, regardless of etiology. We argue against the 'the-earlier-the-better' hyp...