Several decades ago, Gayatri Spivak asked the pertinent question about whether subaltern can speak. 1 Posed in distinct context of Western colonial empire, her interrogation remains relevant to this day: Can those confined lower rungs an informally hierarchical, Western-dominated liberal international order be expected speak, and heard, ways that respect their agency? The 2020 war around Nagorn...

Abstract The growing irregular immigration and asylum pressure polarizes paralyzes the political ecosystems in USA Europe. It empowers new nationalists that seek to dismantle or withdraw from liberal international institutions (EU, NATO, United Nations), which they perceive as undermining their capacity assert national sovereignty. To save ‘liberal order,’ therefore, established governments par...

This article examines how different groups of women, including feminists and Islamists, contributed to the process of democratization since the 1980s in Turkey. It is argued that as women sought their rights, they liberalized the polity. To the extent that liberalization protects democracies from degenerating into mere formalism, women expanded the parameters of "substantive" democracy. In the ...

A number of prominent political theorists recently have tried to expand the reach of their approaches beyond Western liberalism and beyond Western democracies by critically examining notions of justice, multiculturalism, and what Parekh (2000) calls 'moral monism.' In his late writings, John Rawls (Rawls 1999) asked, albeit in a footnote, whether Islamic norms could enter into political debates...

How can one justify the secession of a territory from a liberal-democratic state of the kind currently prevalent in North America and Western Europe? The question does not primarily concern a mutually agreed secession, such as that of Norway from the United Kingdoms of Norway and Sweden in 1905. If the government and legislature of the ‘parent state’ freely agree to a secession of a part of its...

It is often argued, both in popular and academic literature, that there are two Israels: one religious, benighted and anti-democratic and the other secular, Western and liberal. The fact that this account dominates public discourse in Israel tells us a great deal, but the account itself tells us little about Israeli society. Actually, the most telling fault line in Israeli society lies between ...

A growing body of research has shown that Western vegetarians report more concern for animal welfare and environmental sustainability, and endorse more liberal values than do Western omnivores. However, despite the prevalence of Indian vegetarianism, its psychological associations and underpinnings remain largely unexamined. In Study 1, we find that Euro-American vegetarians are more concerned ...

Background: Fluid resuscitation is the mainstay of treatment to counteract massive plasma leakage in dengue shock syndrome. We aimed to determine the differences in clinical outcomes and hemodynamic parameters of children with dengue shock syndrome post restrictive and liberal fluid resuscitation.  Materials and Methods: A retrospective observational study of pediatric patients who were betwee...

Acute kidney injury (AKI), previously termed acute renal failure, is associated with increased mortality, prolonged hospital stay, and accelerated chronic kidney disease (CKD). Over the past 2 decades, dramatic rises in the incidences of AKI have been reported, particularly within the United States. The question arises as to whether these changes reflect actual increases in disease incidence, o...