Her Majesty’s Revenue & Customs (HMRC) was born out of the need to create a UK tax authority by merging both the Inland Revenue and HM Customs & Excise into one department. HMRC encounters spreadsheets in tax-payers’ systems on a very regular basis as well as being a heavy user of spreadsheets internally. The approach to spreadsheet risk assessment and spreadsheet audit is by the use of trained...

BACKGROUND Pain in children with rheumatic conditions such as arthritis is common. However, there is currently no standardized method for the assessment of this pain in children presenting to pediatric rheumatologists. A more consistent and comprehensive approach is needed to effectively assess, treat and monitor pain outcomes in the pediatric rheumatology population. The objectives of this stu...

background : although many studies have been performed on occupational and industrial musculoskeletal disorders in iran, small scale industries have been less studied and evaluated. the purpose of this study was to perform an ergonomic assessment of handicraft workers in isfahan, iran, using the assessment of repetitive tasks (art) tool in 2015. methods: this descriptive-analytical and cross-se...

Quantitative EEG measurement of the scalp vertex theta/beta ratio (TBR) is marketed as a tool for use in the evaluation of patients who may have attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The American Academy of Neurology (AAN) recently assessed the literature about this tool. The assessment urged caution, considering that the TBR remains an investigational research tool at this time. Thi...

AIM To produce a simple tool with good transferability to provide a consistent assessment of tongue appearance and function in infants with tongue-tie. METHODS The Bristol Tongue Assessment Tool (BTAT) was developed based on clinical practice and with reference to the Hazelbaker Assessment Tool for Lingual Frenulum Function (ATLFF). This paper documents 224 tongue assessments using the BTAT. ...

Background: Prediction of breast cancer risk and identifying women who are at high risk of breast cancer, would be a great help for planning and conducting screening programs. The aim of this study was to estimate the 5-year breast cancer risk among women in Isfahan. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 9674 women aged 35-69 years who referred to the Breast Cancer Screening Cen...

Editorials 862 The World Health Organization (WHO) does not currently produce a global estimate of the disease burden attributable to osteoporosis and has long recognized that varying disease definitions and gaps in data complicate the efforts to develop such estimates. 1 By this statement, the World Health Organization wishes to make clear that the FRAX® tool to evaluate fracture risks of pati...