Pterospermum acerifolium plant is considered to be laxative, anthelmintic, stomachic and used in inflammation, blood disorders, ulcers and leprosy. The wood was studied for pharmaconostic evaluations, including examination of morphological and microscopic characters, determination of ash values and extractive values. The morphological studies revealed that the wood is yellowish in color with sm...

In the next ten years the amounts of waste wood impregnated with Cu, Cr and As (CCA) is expected to increase dramatically world wide. CCA has been widely used for wood preservation since the early 1950s and because the fixation of CCA in the wood is good, the concentration of CCA is still high, when the wood is at the end of service. In some countries e.g. Denmark and Norway, the use of As for ...

Increasing the share of renewable energies is among the prime policies of the European Union. Among the options are the incineration of wood in combined heat and power plants as well as the anaerobic digestion of organic materials to obtain biogas. Both processes leave behind residual matter – wood ash and anaerobic sludge. These residual materials contain chemical elements with considerable fe...

The thermotolerance of the emerald ash borer, Agrilus planipennis Fairmaire (Coleoptera: Buprestidae), was evaluated by subjecting larvae and prepupae to a number of time-temperature regimes. Three independent experiments were conducted during 2006 and 2007 by heating emerald ash borer infested firewood in laboratory ovens. Heat treatments were established based on the internal wood temperature...

Large amounts of ash, generated from biomass gasification, often contaminate syngas and the ecosystem. This study showed that the ash obtained from the gasification of pine wood was primarily composed of carbon (15% to 25%), minerals (~21%), and oxygen (52% to 63%), and exhibited low surface area (8.4 to 11.2 m/g). The size of ash particles was between 600 nm and 600 μm. Calcium, potassium, and...

In the present paper, the elemental composition of wood ashes obtained by the combustion of wood in a fireplace was determined with the use of ICP-MS and ICP-OES techniques. Wood ashes may find a potential application as deacidifying agents and soil conditioners, since they contain calcium (in the form of CaCO(3) and CaO), potassium (in the form of K(2)SO(4) and K(2)CO(3)) and significant level...

The behaviour of alkali metals, especially of potassium, during circulating fluidised bed combustion of wood-based fuels was studied experimentally in pilot-scale and industrial scale combustors. The fuels included willow, forest residue and waste wood co-combusted with paper mill sludge. As a result of this work, the main chemical and physical transformation mechanisms of potassium compounds i...

Residential combustion has been identified as one of the main sources of particulate matter (PM); fine particles are important because of their adverse effects on human health and the environment. In this thesis, fine particle emissions originating from residential pellet combustion were characterized in different operational situations and using different raw materials as pellet fuel. Moreover...

Fuel blending is a widely used approach in biomass combustion, particularly for feedstocks with low calorific value and high moisture content. In on-site sanitation technologies, fuel blending is proposed as a pre-treatment requirement to reduce moisture levels and improve the physiochemical properties of raw faeces prior to drying. This study investigates the co-combustion performance of wood ...

The fuel properties of wood can be summarized by ultimate and proximate analysis and determination of the high heating value. It is not valid to list these values for species since a species has not been adequately sampled and tested. Enough is known, however, to say that softwoods have a high heating value of about 9,000 Btu per pound; whereas hardwoods have a value of about 8,600 Btu per poun...