Direct effects of predation have been widely recognized as important in affecting prey population dynamics and evolution. However, less attention has been devoted to the consequences of indirect effects of predators on prey behavior. For example, to avoid predation many animals restrict their activities to physical refugia and adopt low-mobility Mestyles, yet the consequences of these antipreda...

Abstract Coral disease is becoming increasingly problematic on reefs worldwide. However, most coral research has focused the abiotic drivers of disease, potentially overlooking role species interactions in dynamics. predators particular can influence by breaking through protective tissues and exposing corals to infections, vectoring diseases among corals, or serving as reservoirs for pathogens....