The view that the Y chromosome is of little importance for phenotypic evolution stems from early studies of Drosophila melanogaster. This species' Y chromosome contains only 13 protein-coding genes, is almost entirely heterochromatic and is not necessary for male viability. Population genetic theory further suggests that non-neutral variation can only be maintained at the Y chromosome under spe...

In Turner's syndrome, the detection of Y chromosome sequences is very important because the presence of the Y chromosome increases the risk of gonadoblastoma induction. Some recent studies have indicated the presence of the Y chromosome in patients with Turner's syndrome, by methods in which the Y chromosome was not detected by a standard cytogenetic method, but these studies concentrated on a ...

BACKGROUND In many species, sex is determined by a system involving X and Y chromosomes, the latter having lost much of their genetic activity. Sex chromosomes have evolved independently many times, and several different mechanisms responsible for the degeneration of the Y chromosome have been proposed. Here, we have taken advantage of the secondary sex chromosome pair in Drosophila miranda to ...

The role of Y chromosome in prostate cancer progression and incidence is not well known. Among the 46 chromosomes, Y chromosome determines the male gender. The Y chromosome is smaller than the X chromosome and contains only 458 genes compared to over 2000 genes found in the X chromosome. The Y chromosome is prone to high mutation rates, created exclusively in sperm cells due to the highly oxida...

Background: Constitutional chromosome abnormalities are among the major contributors to the genetic causes of reproductive disorders. Despite all of worldwide efforts have been made so far, the prognosis for mosaic X chromosome aberration below 30% of unemployed has yet to be established. The purpose of this study was to assess the quantity and quiddity of chromosomal aberrations that may negat...

Chia-Hao Cheng, Ching-Ho Chang, and Hwei-yu Chang (2011) Early-stage evolution of the neo-Y chromosome in Drosophila albomicans. Zoological Studies 50(3): 338-349. Numerous theories have specified that an originally autosomal neo-Y chromosome arm is expected to undergo degenerative evolution. Neosex chromosomes of Drosophila albomicans originated from 2 Robertsonian translocation events, one fo...

development of yeast artificial chromosome (y ac) vectors, molecular cloning of large segments of chromosomal dna, and their propagation in yeast cells has become feasible. overlapping y ac provides a route to the development of physical maps of entire mammalian chromosomes. a rapid method was developed to isolate and sequence termini of y ac inserts quickly. the y ac clone is digested with a r...

Particular regions of the X and Y chromosomes share DNA sequence homology to the extent that cross hybridisation occurs. Thus, chromosome painting with a whole Y chromosome probe consistently results in fluorescence on specific regions of the X chromosome as well as the complete Y chromosome. This phenomenon has been exploited to elucidate the structure of unusual X chromosome rearrangements, w...

background: while multiple factors can contribute to male infertility, genetic factors, such as chromosomal disorders or y-chromosome microdeletion, are responsible for about 10% of male infertility. considering the role of y-chromosome microdeletions in men with oligozoospermia who volunteer for in vitro fertilization (ivf), the prevalence of such microdeletions in each particular community ne...