Here in this article, there is an attempt to pay attention to the importance of people characters (traditional and civil) in the improvement of urban management due to the sustainable urban development. The deduction of this article in that people characters can play an important role in the process of developing and improving the operation of urban management by paving the way far participatio...

MOST readers will, by now, have made themselves familiar with the Minister of Health's Plans for developing the health and welfare services over the next ten years as outlined in the Blue Book* presented to Parliament. Mr. Powell himself spoke about it at length at the Association of Municipal Corporations' Conference in Morecambe on April 13th. No doubt there will be critic'" especially of the...

The bin packing problem is a well-studied combinatorial NP-hard problem. In the bin packing problem, a sequence of items are packed into bins, the packed items in a bin do not overlap. The objective is to minimize the number of used bins. The size of each item should be no more than the size of a bin. (Zhang, 2011) The algorithms can be divided into two categories: offline algorithm, requiring ...

The year 2022 offered the international community an opportunity to take concrete steps in reducing impacts of climate change. In November 2022, State Parties United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change and Paris Agreement, as well representatives organizations, corporations, civil society activists met Sharm el-Sheikh, Egypt discuss current state change measures that are capable prot...

The Y2K threat provides an excellent case study of organizational perception of and adjustment to risks. Utilizing qualitative data collected from focus group interviews with thirteen health care organizations, this paper examines hospital risk perception and preparedness for the Y2K computer problem. The potential for a date-specific failure of technological systems required hospitals to ident...

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