with regard to the impossibility of preparing learners for each situation that they might encounter in their life, it is more logical to teach them how to cope with unexpected challenges. helping learners ‘learn how to help themselves’ can be facilitated by means of tasks and activities in the classroom context. this paper presents some of the find- ings of a study on iranian young learners bet...

This study used a novel method to explore different schedules of spacing in young EFL learners. In doing so, we taught young EFL learners English–Farsi word pairs using different spacing schedules (massed vs. spaced). In the massed condition, learners studied five-word pairs in session one and five-other word pairs one week later. In the spaced condition, the learners studied 10-word pairs in s...