Results from 3D global gyrokinetic particle simulations of ion temperature gradient driven microturbulence in a toroidal plasma show that the ion thermal transport level in the interior region exhibits significant dependence on the ion-ion collision frequency even in regimes where the instabilities are collisionless. This is identified as arising from the Coulomb collisional damping of turbulen...

The variability of the zonal-mean zonal wind in the Southern Hemisphere is studied using EOF analysis and momentum budget diagnostics of NCEP Reanalysis data (1978-1997). The leading EOF of the zonal-mean zonal wind is well separated from the remaining EOF’s and represents the north/south movement of the mid-latitude jet. Analysis of the momentum budget shows that a positive feedback between th...

Satellite tracking of 27 whale sharks in the eastern tropical Pacific, examined in relation to environmental data, indicates preferential occupancy of thermo-biological frontal systems. In these systems, thermal gradients are caused by wind-forced circulation and mixing, and biological gradients are caused by associated nutrient enrichment and enhanced primary productivity. Two of the frontal s...

Old-aged patients, especially when they cannot keep stable sitting postures on wheelchairs, may get hurts seriously by falls. Preventing fall accidents is one of the most important subjects for keeping ADL of old-aged persons. We investigated the fall accidents related to from wheelchairs that occurred in a hospital (Asao General Hospital of Rehabilitation), and tried to make a new type of safe...

Gyrokinetic theory and simulation results are presented to investigate regulation of ion temperature gradient (ITG) turbulence due to E × B zonal flows in helical systems. In order to examine effects of changes in helical magnetic configuration on anomalous transport and zonal flows, magnetic field parameters representing the standard and inward-shifted configurations of the Large Helical Devic...

Aims Climate change is expected to markedly site factors, tree species composition and finally ecosystem services provided by forests. Here, we describe the development of a framework for modelling how these changes may transform forest types. Site types capture information on conditions like climate, topography soil, all factors with strong influence occurrence. Location Switzerland. Methods W...

Atmospheric densities derived from measured acceleration of several Mars orbiters reveal large amplitude Sun-synchronous longitudinal density variations at altitudes of about 100-160km (see Figure 1). These variations are associated with vertically-propagating nonmigrating solar thermal tides that are excited near Mars’ surface and propagate into the thermosphere. Excitation of these waves is a...

1. I NI Of the 42,000 people killed in traffic accidents, only 6 are children on school buses. 2. I NI School buses are safe enough already. 3. I NI High-backed seats on school buses help to “package children like eggs.” 4. I NI Lap and shoulder belts reduce injuries by 45 percent. 5. I NI Padded seats are all that is needed to protect students from harm. 6. I NI Buses are seven times safer tha...