The most detrimental responses of the UV-exposed skin are triggered by cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers (CPDs). Although placental mammals rely solely on nucleotide excision repair (NER) to eliminate CPDs, none of the core NER factors are apparently able to distinguish this hazardous lesion from native DNA, raising the question of how CPDs are circumscribed to define correct excision boundaries. A...

OBJECTIVE DNA repair genes play a key role in maintaining genomic stability and integrity. DNA repair gene polymorphisms, such as those of XRCC3 and xeroderma pigmentosum, complementation group D and G (XPD, XPG), contribute to carcinogenesis. In this study, we investigated the correlation between cervical carcinoma risk and XRCC3, XPD, XPG genetic variants. METHODS A case-control study of 40...

Most trichothiodystrophy (TTD) patients present mutations in the xeroderma pigmentosum D (XPD) gene, coding for a subunit of the transcription/repair factor IIH (TFIIH) complex involved in nucleotide excision repair (NER) and transcription. After UV irradiation, most TTD/XPD patients are more severely affected in the NER of cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers (CPD) than of 6-4-photoproducts (6-4PP). ...

The elusive cell cycle– transcription link cientists have known for years that transcription is repressed as cells enter mitosis, yet the mechanistic bridge between the two processes has eluded detection. Now, Jian Chen, Beat Suter (McGill University, Montreal, Canada), and colleagues find that Xpd, a component of the general transcription factor complex, TFIIH, regulates another member of the ...

The X-ray repair cross-complementing group 1 (XRCC1) and xeroderma pigmentosum group D (XPD) genes are involved in base excision repair and nucleotide excision repair of DNA repair pathways, respectively. A growing body of evidence suggests that XRCC1 and XPD are important in environmentally induced cancers, and polymorphisms in both genes have been identified. To determine whether the XRCC1 (c...

PURPOSE Xeroderma pigmentosum group D (XPD) codes for a DNA helicase involved in nucleotide excision repair that removes platinum-induced DNA damage. Genetic polymorphisms of XPD may affect DNA repair capacity and lead to individual differences in the outcome of patients after chemotherapy. This study aims to identify whether XPD polymorphisms affect clinical efficacy among advanced non-small c...

DNA helicases are essential components of the cellular machinery for DNA replication, recombination, repair, and transcription. The XPD and FancJ proteins are related helicases involved in the nucleotide excision repair (NER) and Fanconi anemia repair pathways, respectively. We demonstrate that both proteins have a conserved domain near the N terminus that includes an iron-sulfur (Fe-S) cluster...

In this paper, we present evidence that alleles of several polymorphisms in the chromosomal region 19q13.2-3, encompassing the genes RAI and XPD, are associated with occurrence of basal cell carcinoma in Caucasian Americans. The association of one of these, RAI-intron1, is sufficiently strong to make mass significance unlikely (P = 0.004, chi(2)). We interpret our combined data to indicate that...

Damaged bases in DNA are known to lead to errors in replication and transcription, compromising the integrity of the genome. We have proposed a model where repair proteins containing redox-active [4Fe-4S] clusters utilize DNA charge transport (CT) as a first step in finding lesions. In this model, the population of sites to search is reduced by a localization of protein in the vicinity of lesio...

OBJECTIVES To investigate the roles of insulin-like growth factor II (IGF2), myeloperoxidase (MPO), E-cadherin (CDH1), urokinase and xeroderma pigmentosum group A and D (XPA, XPD) polymorphisms upon leiomyoma susceptibility. STUDY DESIGN Women were divided into: group 1, leiomyoma (n=158); group 2, non-leiomyoma (n=156). Polymorphisms (IGF2 exon 9*A/G, MPO-463*A/G, CDH1-Pml I, urokinase-ApaL,...