We study the complexity of one-dimensional extrema testing: given one input number, determine if it is properly contained in the interval spanned by the remaining n input numbers. We assume that each number is given as a finite stream of bits, in decreasing order of significance. Our cost measure, referred to as the leading-input-bits-cost (or LIB-cost for short), for an algorithm solving such ...

This document serves as an introduction to the small set of routines which extend IDL's signal processing capabilities that we are making available. The primary focus of these routines are David Thomson's multitaper methods which are described in detail in 1]. Here we will simply provide an introduction to the routines that come with this package with pointers on how to set them up on local les...

1. The effects of restricted feeding, and ad lib. feeding following food restriction, on hepatic carbohydrate and lipid metabolism in the laying hen were studied. 2. The birds were allocated to four groups and given either 92, 84 or 75 g/d or allowed ad lib. access to food. 3. Food restriction significantly reduced liver total lipid content compared with ad lib.-fed control birds and this was r...

Current collector accounts for more than 90% of the electric conductivity and 90% of the mechanical strength of the electrode in lithium-ion battery (LIB). Usually, current collectors are smooth metallic thin films. In the current study, we show that if the current collector is heterogeneous, the heat generation becomes negligible when the LIB cell is subjected to mechanical abuse. The phenomen...

While diet-induced obesity has been exclusively attributed to increased caloric intake from fat, animals fed a high-fat diet (HFD) ad libitum (ad lib) eat frequently throughout day and night, disrupting the normal feeding cycle. To test whether obesity and metabolic diseases result from HFD or disruption of metabolic cycles, we subjected mice to either ad lib or time-restricted feeding (tRF) of...

The environmental factors that arrest breeding in prairie voles during the middle of the breeding season are unknown. The role of water availability on reproductive function was examined by limiting water intake to 50% of ad lib water consumption for 10 weeks. At autopsy, testicular, epididymal and seminal vesicle masses were reduced in water restricted males as compared to animals with ad lib ...

The bare B(8) cluster was previously reported to be a D(7h) molecular wheel with a triplet group state. The B(8)(2-) dianion was predicted to be a closed-shell singlet and double aromatic D(7h) molecular wheel. Here we report the experimental observation of B(8)(2-) stabilized by a Li(+) cation in LiB(8)(-) and its experimental characterization using photoelectron spectroscopy. Theoretical sear...

I. Reduced intake of energy or protein per se decreased riboflavin requirement of the chicks under restricted feeding regimens. 2. In severe riboflavin deficiency (2.26 mg/kg diet), efficiency of utilization of both energy and protein was decreased significantly under ad lib. conditions of feeding. 3. Efficiency of utilization of energy (but not protein) was decreased significantly in borderlin...

Short day lengths or reduced food availability are salient cues for small mammals that breed seasonally. Photoperiod-mediated gonadal regression in white-footed mice (Peromyscus leucopus) is a slow, orderly process that involves testicular apoptosis. Testicular regression in response to restricted caloric intake is relatively rapid, and it is generally reversed quickly by ad libitum (ad lib) fe...