Carbon-ion beam scanning has not previously been used for moving tumor treatments. We have commenced respiratory-gated carbon-ion radiotherapy (CIRT) in the thoracic and abdominal regions under free-breathing conditions as a clinical trial. This study aimed to investigate this treatment in the lungs in comparison with passive scattering CIRT. Five patients had thoracic tumors treated with carbo...

A graph G = (V, E) is called a pairwise compatibility graph (PCG) if there exists a tree T , a positive edge-weight function w on T , and two non-negative real numbers dmin and dmax, dmin ≤ dmax, such that V coincides with the set of leaves of T , and there is an edge (u, v) ∈ E if and only if dmin ≤ dT,w(u, v) ≤ dmax where dT,w(u, v) is the sum of the weights of the edges on the unique path fr...

Measuring lactate threshold to predict endurance performance is difficult among veteran athletes, due to age-related decreases in net lactate concentration. The objective of this study was to determine whether lactate threshold, as assessed using the maximal deviation method (Dmax), which is not dependent on net values of lactate, could be used as a more valid measure of 5-km treadmill running ...

BACKGROUND The skin is considered a critical organ at risk in carbon ion radiotherapy (CIRT) for locally advanced malignant bone and soft tissue tumors (MBSTs). The predictive factors for acute skin reactions after CIRT have not been investigated. The present study aimed to identify these factors and evaluate the correlation between the severity of acute skin reactions and skin dose parameters....

This paper introduces a new fully-automated method for identifying clusters in large event sets. The method uses a Delaunay tessellation to determine the clusters and initial membership, then applies an iterative K-medoid optimization to refine membership in the clusters until stability is achieved. The method is robust and computationally efficient, with performance improvement over standard K...

Stereoacuity depends not only on the carrier frequency of Gabor stimuli, but also upon their size. To determine if this is also the case at large disparities, we have measured the upper limit for stereopsis, "Dmax", and assessed its dependence on carrier frequency and overall envelope size. The results differ markedly from the stereoacuity data. Dmax for stereopsis is primarily dependent on the...

In this paper we discuss the index problem for geometric differential operators (Spin-Dirac operator, Gauß-Bonnet operator, Signature operator) on manifolds with metric horns. On singular manifolds these operators in general do not have unique closed extensions. But there always exist two extremal extensions Dmin and Dmax. We describe the quotient D(Dmax)/D(Dmin) explicitely in geometric resp. ...

Suppose that D is an acyclic orientation of the graph G. An arc of D is dependent if its reversal creates a directed cycle. Let d(D) denote the number of dependent arcs in D. Define dmin(G) (dmax(G)) to be the minimum (maximum) number of d(D) over all acyclic orientations D of G. We call G fully orientable if G has an acyclic orientation with exactly k dependent arcs for every k satisfying dmin...

The extent of motion processing deficits and M/dorsal pathway involvement in amblyopia is unclear. Fellow eye performance was assessed in amblyopic children for motion-defined (MD) form, global motion, and maximum displacement (Dmax) tasks. Group performance on MD form was significantly worse in amblyopic children than in control children. Global motion deficits were significantly related to re...