Growing evidence suggests that abnormal synaptic plasticity of cortical neurons underlies levodopa-induced dyskinesia (LID) in Parkinson's disease (PD). Spine morphology reflects synaptic plasticity resulting from glutamatergic transmission. We previously reported that enlargement of the dendritic spines of intratelencephalic-type (IT) neurons in the primary motor cortex (M1) is linked to the d...

NEW FEATURES FOR AUTOMATIC TEXT INDEPENDENT LANGUAGE IDENTIFICATION A. Nagesh1 and V. Kamakshi Prasad2 1Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Technology, Hyderabad, India E-mail: [email protected] 2Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University, Hyderabad, India E-mail: [email protected] The objective of this paper is to explore new feature vectors for Automatic Text Independent Language Identif...

The efficacy of different techniques of facial nerve block for cataract surgery was investigated. Forty four patients underwent either modified O'Brien, Atkinson, van Lint, or lid blocks. Intentional muscle activity of the orbicularis oculi muscle was recorded and the area under the EMG curve calculated for quantitative comparison of muscle activity between the groups before and after injection...

The volume of the levator superior rectus muscle complex was determined from computed tomography scans of 152 orbits from 76 patients with Graves' ophthalmopathy. Clinically observed lid retraction and lid lag did not correlate with the levator/superior rectus muscle volume and did not correlate with limitation of vertical eye movements or inferior rectus muscle volume. These results do not sup...

L-dopa remains the mainstay treatment for Parkinson's disease (PD), although in later stages, treatment is complicated by L-dopa-induced dyskinesias (LID). Current evidence links LID to excessive striatal L-dopa-derived dopamine (DA) release, while the possibility of a direct involvement of L-dopa itself in LID has been largely ignored. Here we show that L-dopa can alter basal ganglia activity ...

The question of whether the awareness of levodopa-induced dyskinesias (LID) is reduced, or altogether missing, in patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD) has been attracting growing interest. Why is this topic important? Firstly, as studies addressing the efficacy of drugs on LID employ patients’ motor diaries as an outcome measure, poor LID self-awareness might interfere with data collection in...

Carnivorous pitcher plants capture prey with modified leaves (pitchers), using diverse mechanisms such as 'insect aquaplaning' on the wet pitcher rim, slippery wax crystals on the inner pitcher wall, and viscoelastic retentive fluids. Here we describe a new trapping mechanism for Nepenthes gracilis which has evolved a unique, semi-slippery wax crystal surface on the underside of the pitcher lid...

PURPOSE To report the results of a modified frontalis sling procedure using Mersilene mesh for correction of upper lid ptosis associated with poor levator muscle function. METHODS This interventional case series included 10 patients (15 eyelids) with congenital ptosis and poor levator function. All subjects underwent the upper lid sling procedure with modifications. Main outcomes were lid cre...

Most short-lived eukaryotic proteins are degraded by the proteasome. A proteolytic core particle (CP) capped by regulatory particles (RPs) constitutes the 26S proteasome complex. RP biogenesis culminates with the joining of two large subcomplexes, the lid and base. In yeast and mammals, the lid appears to assemble completely before attaching to the base, but how this hierarchical assembly is en...

Dopamine replacement therapy in the form of levodopa results in a significant proportion of patients with Parkinson's disease developing debilitating dyskinesia. This significantly complicates further treatment and negatively impacts patient quality of life. A greater understanding of the neurobiological mechanisms underlying levodopa-induced dyskinesia (LID) is therefore crucial to develop new...