Sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) is a bioactive sphingolipid metabolite involved in cancer development through stimulation of cell survival, proliferation, migration, and angiogenesis. Irreversible degradation of S1P is catalyzed by S1P lyase (SPL). The human SGPL1 gene that encodes SPL maps to a region often mutated in cancers. To investigate the effect of SPL deficiency on cell survival and tran...

OBJECTIVES Gentamicin (GM) is a commonly used aminoglycoside antibiotic that generates free oxygen radicals within the inner ear, which can cause vestibulo-cochlear toxicity and permanent damage to the sensory hair cells and neurons. Piper longum L. (PL) is a well-known spice and traditional medicine in Asia and Pacific islands, which has been reported to exhibit a wide spectrum of activity, in...

it is accepted that noise pollution has a major impact on health, such as physical, physiological, psychological and performance related effects, all over the world. this study aims to evaluate noise pollution in four urban parks located in sanandaj city, iran and to zone it in gis environment. sound pressure level (spl) and maximum sound level (lmax) were measured at 45 points (each point was ...

This is the first report of sphingosine 1-phosphate lyase (SPL) protein expression and enzymatic activity in human neoplasm. This enzyme drives irreversible degradation of sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P), a bioactive lipid associated with resistance to therapeutics in various cancers, including prostate adenocarcinoma. In fresh human prostatectomy specimens, a remarkable decrease in SPL enzymatic...

SPL (Single Port Laparoscopy) might bring improved surgical outcomes but this new procedure needs effective and functional next-generation surgical tools. Although several robotic systems for SPL have been constructed, only manual SPL tools are currently used in clinical SPL procedures. This paper presents the design, construction and experimental characterizations of a stereo handheld camera t...

This paper examines the use of Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA) services as core assets in a Software product Line (SPL). After a brief introduction to the main concepts of SOA and SPL, the paper identifies a small set of decisions that are required before implementation of SOA-SPL systems. These decisions have to do with 1) the mapping of SOA concepts to the SPL framework, and 2) an initial...

A centerpiece of modern software development is refactoring. Software Product Lines (SPLs), a major software development paradigm, lack tools to refactor Java SPL codebases. X15 introduces our new set of design guidelines, techniques, and language constructs to (1) express feature-based Java SPLs using only Java custom annotations, (2) view programs of the SPL, (3) edit views, automatically pro...

Aerodynamic bogie noise was quantitatively estimated at a wayside observation point by using spatial distribution of the sound pressure level (SPL) obtained two-dimensional microphone array in wind tunnel test. In order to evaluate SPL, it is necessary appropriately consider generation and field with respect various acoustic properties such as ground reflection insertion loss side cover. this s...

In software product line (SPL) development, evolutions occur in core assets and application products. How to ensure their alignment in evolution is a big challenge. Products in an SPL share a reference architecture, which centers in SPL development and evolution, so architectural evolution management is a natural and essential choice for SPL. In this paper, we propose an architecture-based evol...