In order to investigate underlying mechanisms, the present authors studied the effect of pulmonary rehabilitation on the regulation of total chest wall and compartmental (ribcage, abdominal) volumes during exercise in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. In total, 20 patients (forced expiratory volume in one second, mean +/- SEM 39 +/- 3% predicted) undertook high-intensity exer...

OBJECTIVE Reporter gene/probe systems have proved to be reliable for monitoring gene/cell therapy. We sought to evaluate whether a reporter gene/probe system, namely the human estrogen receptor ligand binding domain (hERL)/16α-18F fluoro-17β-estradiol (18F-FES), could be used for monitoring vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) gene expression and response to bone marrow mesenchymal stem ce...

The Errors-in-Variables (EIV) model from statistics is often employed in computer vision though only rarely under this name. In an EIV model all the measurements are corrupted by noise while the a priori information is captured with a nonlinear constraint among the true (unknown) values of these measurements. To estimate the model parameters and the uncorrupted data, the constraint can be linea...

BACKGROUND The present study was undertaken to investigate the effect of statins plus omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) on endothelial function and lipid profile in South Asians with dyslipidemia and endothelial dysfunction, a population at high risk for premature coronary artery disease. METHODS Thirty subjects were randomized to rosuvastatin 10 mg and omega-3-PUFAs 4 g or rosuvast...

Errors-in-variables (EIV) model is a kind of model with not only noisy output but also noisy input measurements, which can be used for systemmodeling in many engineering applications. However, the identification for EIVmodel is much complicated due to the input noises. This paper focuses on the adaptive identification problem of real-time EIV models. Some derivation errors in an accuracy resear...

La Ley 21.057 introdujo la técnica de Entrevista Investigativa Videograbada (EIV) para prevenir victimización secundaria niños, niñas y adolescentes víctimas delitos sexuales otros graves recoger sus testimonios manera adecuada respetando derechos. Cerca mitad los entrevistadoras/es acreditadas realizar estas labores provienen Carabineros Chile Policía Investigaciones, por lo que resulta fundam...

Linear functional relationships are intended to be symmetric and therefore cannot generally accurately estimated using ordinary least squares regression equations. Orthogonal (OR) models allow for errors in both Y X can provide estimates of these relationships. The most well-established OR model, the errors-in-variables (EIV) assumes that observed scatter around line is due entirely measurement...

The ability of influenza A viruses (IAVs) to cross species barriers and evade host immunity is a major public health concern. Studies on the phylodynamics of IAVs across different scales - from the individual to the population - are essential for devising effective measures to predict, prevent or contain influenza emergence. Understanding how IAVs spread and evolve during outbreaks is critical ...

This paper builds on the structural equations, treatment effect, and machine learning literatures to provide a causal framework that permits the identification and estimation of causal effects from observational studies. We begin by providing a causal interpretation for standard exogenous regressors and standard “valid” and “relevant” instrumental variables. We then build on this interpretation...

An influenza virus polymerase reconstitution assay based on the human, dog, or chicken RNA polymerase I (PolI) promoter has been developed and widely used to study the polymerase activity of the influenza virus in corresponding cell types. Although it is an important member of the influenza virus family and has been known for sixty years, no studies have been performed to clone the horse PolI p...