C5 volatile compounds, derived from fatty acids, are among the most important contributors to consumer liking of fresh tomatoes. Despite their important roles in flavour, the genes responsible for C5 volatile synthesis have yet to be identified. This work shows that their synthesis is catalysed in part by a 13-lipoxygenase (LOX), TomloxC, the same enzyme responsible for synthesis of C6 volatile...

The human hepatoma-derived cell line, HepG2, synthesized and secreted functional complement proteins C1r, C1s, C2, C3, C4, C5, factor B, C1 inhibitor, C3b inactivator, a small amount of C6, and trace amounts of C8; but failed to produce detectable C1q, C7, or C9. Immunochemically, C2, C3, C4, C5, and B were isolated from culture medium as proteins with molecular sizes and subunit structures ide...

In the present work, we have evaluated whether isomeric C5-alkene diols (1,2-dihydroxy-2-methyl-3-butene, 1,2-dihydroxy-3-methyl-3-butene, and 1,4-dihydroxy-2-methyl-2-butene (cis + trans)), which have first been detected upon photooxidation of isoprene in the absence of NO and are known to be formed in the ambient atmosphere, can serve as precursors for the 2-methyltetrols, C5-alkene triols, a...

Cleavage of C5 by C5 convertase is the last enzymatic step in the complement activation cascade leading to the formation of the cytolytic proteolytically activated form of C5 (C5b)-9 complex. In the present study, we examined the effect of the density of C3b (the proteolytically activated form of C3) on the function of the noncatalytic subunit of natural surface-bound forms of the enzyme. A com...

Transgenic mice expressing a major histocompatibility complex class II-restricted T cell receptor with specificity for a natural self-antigen, the fifth component of complement, were generated to analyze the mechanism of tolerance induction to a blood-borne self-protein. In the absence of C5 protein thymocytes from T cell receptor transgenic mice develop into mature CD4 single positive cells wh...

OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to elucidate the pathological characteristics of C3-C4 cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM) from the radiological study. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 31 patients with single level anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) at C3-C4 and 46 patients with single level ACDF at C5-C6 were included in this study. We selected C5-C6 level as a represen...

STUDY DESIGN Retrospective review. OBJECTIVE To evaluate key risk factors for the development of C5 palsy after cervical corpectomy, including resection of the posterior longitudinal ligament (PLL). SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA Postoperative C5 palsy is a well-known complication after cervical spine surgery. It is unknown whether resection of the PLL affects the incidence of C5 palsy. METHO...

We compute the free energy density F for gauge theories, with fermions, at high temperature and zero chemical potential. In the expansion F = T [c0 + c2g 2 + c3g 3 + (c4 ln g + c4)g + (c5 ln g+ c5)g +O(g)], we determine c5 and c5 analytically by calculating twoand three-loop diagrams. The g term constitutes the first correction to the g term and is for the non-Abelian case the last power of g t...

We compute the free energy density F for gauge theories, with fermions, at high temperature and zero chemical potential. In the expansion F = T [c0 + c2g + c3g + (c4 ln g + c4)g + (c5 ln g+ c5)g 5 +O(g)], we determine c5 and c5 analytically by calculating twoand three-loop diagrams. The g term constitutes the first correction to the g term and at the same time is the last power of g that can be...

The molecular and pharmacological characteristics of muscarinic receptor subtypes in the rat parotid acinar cell line, PAR-C5, were determined and compared with native rat parotid glands to evaluate the PAR-C5 cell line as a model to study receptor-mediated secretion. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) identified mRNAs for M(3), M(4), and M(5) receptor subtypes in both PAR...