To study the phylogenetic relationships among Anseriformes, sequences for the complete mitochondrial control region (CR) were determined from 45 waterfowl representing 24 genera, i.e., half of the existing genera. To confirm the results based on CR analysis we also analyzed representative species based on two mitochondrial protein-coding genes, cytochrome b (cytb) and NADH dehydrogenase subunit...

Three new species of Rock Geckos Cnemaspis lineogularis sp. nov., C. phangngaensis sp. nov., and C. thachanaensis sp. nov. of the chanthaburiensis and siamensis groups are described from the Thai portion of the Thai-Malay Peninsula. These new species are distinguished from all other species in their two respective groups based on a unique combination of morphological characteristics, which is f...

Tibetan yak (Bos grunniens) inhabiting the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (QTP) where the average altitude is 4000 m, is specially adapted to live at these altitudes. Conversely, cattle (B. taurus) has been found to suffer from high-altitude hypertension or heart failure when exposed to these high altitudes. Two mitochondrial genes, MT-ND1 and MT-ND2, encode two subunits of NADH dehydrogenase play an es...

Common inbred strains of the laboratory rat can be divided into four different mitochondrial DNA haplotype groups represented by the SHR, BN, LEW, and F344 strains. In the current study, we investigated the metabolic and hemodynamic effects of the SHR vs. LEW mitochondrial genomes by comparing the SHR to a new SHR conplastic strain, SHR-mt(LEW); these strains are genetically identical except fo...

The genetic impacts of hybridization between native and introduced species are of considerable conservation concern, while the possibility of reticulate evolution affects our basic understanding of how species arise and shapes how we use genetic data to understand evolutionary diversification. By using mitochondrial NADH dehydrogenase subunit 2 (ND2) sequences and 467 amplified fragment-length ...

We investigated the genetic structure of populations of Guianan harlequin toads (genus Atelopus ) and their evolutionary affinities to extra-Guianan congeners. Phylogenetic analysis of mitochondrial cytochrome b (cyt b ) and NADH dehydrogenase subunit 2 (ND2) gene sequences produced well-supported clades largely corresponding to the four recognized taxa in the Guianas ( Atelopus spumarius hoogm...

We evaluated genetic diversity and structure of Echinococcus granulosus by analyzing the complete mitochondrial NADH dehydrogenase subunit 2 (ND2) gene in 51 isolates of E. granulosus sensu stricto metacestodes collected at three locations in this region. We detected 19 haplotypes, which formed a distinct clade with the standard sheep strain (G1). Hence, all 51 isolates were identified as E. gr...

Using sequences of the mitochondrial NADH dehydrogenase subunit 2 gene (ND2, 1047bp) and a segment of the non-coding mitochondrial control region, as well as nuclear sequences including two introns from the S7 ribosomal protein and the loci TmoM25, TmoM27, and UME002, we explore the phylogenetic relationships of Lepidiolamprologus, one of seven lamprologine cichlid genera in Lake Tanganyika, Ea...

The eastern massasauga Sistrurus catenatus catenatus is a declining species for which a captive breeding program was established in 2006. To effectively manage wild and captive populations, an understanding of genetic diversity within the species is necessary. We analyzed mitochondrial DNA sequences of 186 individuals: 109 wild snakes from 34 U.S. and Canadian counties and districts, all 52 bre...

The HT-29 human adenocarcinoma cell line has been used extensively in the study of colonie cell differentiation and colon cancer. We report here that substitution of glucose with trehalose (a-i>-glucopyranosyl-ai>-glucopyranoside) depresses growth and promotes mucin-producing, goblet-like maturation of HT-29. An initial characterization of this process was made by analyzing several cDNA clones ...