Objectives Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is one of the most common causes of death and disability in modern societies. The role of steroids and melatonin is recognized as a neuroprotective factor in traumatic injuries. This study examined the role of melatonin receptors in the neuroprotective effects of estrogen. Materials and Methods Seventy female ovariectomized Wistar rats were divided into...

Melatonin affects diverse physiological functions through its receptor and plays an important role in the central nervous system. In the present study, we compared immunoreactivity patterns of arylalkylamine N-acetyltransferase (AANAT), an enzyme essential for melatonin synthesis, and melatonin receptor type 1B (MT2) in the spinal cord of young adult (2~3 years) and aged (10~12 years) beagle do...

We present a detailed study of the collider observable mT2 applied for pair-produced superparticles decaying to visible particles and a pair of invisible lightest supersymmetric particles (LSPs). Analytic expressions of the maximum of mT2 over all events (mmax T2 ) are derived. It is noticed that if the decay product of each superparticle involves more than one visible particles, mmax T2 being ...

Melatonin is rhythmically secreted by both the pineal gland and retina in a circadian fashion, with its peak synthesis occurring during the night. Once synthesized, melatonin exerts its effects by binding to two specific G-protein coupled receptors-melatonin receptor type 1(MT1) and melatonin receptor type 2(MT2). Recent studies suggest the involvement of MT1 and MT2 in the regulation of glucos...

The hormone melatonin phase shifts circadian rhythms generated by the mammalian biological clock, the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) of the hypothalamus, through activation of G protein-coupled MT2 melatonin receptors. This study demonstrated that pretreatment with physiological concentrations of melatonin (30-300 pM or 7-70 pg/mL) decreased the number of hMT2 melatonin receptors heterologously ...

The ability of carcinoma cells arising at primary sites to cross their underlying basement membrane (BM), a specialized form of extracellular matrix that subtends all epithelial cells, and to access the host vasculature are central features of the malignant phenotype. The initiation of the invasive phenotype has been linked to the aberrant expression of zinc-finger transcriptional repressors, l...

Metallothioneins (MTs) constitute a universal family of polymorphic, ubiquitous small Cys-rich metal-binding polypeptides that in mammals are represented by four highly similar isoforms (MT1 to MT4). MT1 and MT2 have generally been considered as equivalent proteins, so that they are commonly referred to as MT1/MT2. However, transcription data have suggested a differential behavior for both gene...

The need for finding fungicides against Fusarium is a key step in the chemical plant protection and using appropriate chemical agents. Existing, conventional methods of evaluation of Fusarium isolates resistance to fungicides are costly, time-consuming and potentially environmentally harmful due to usage of high amounts of potentially toxic chemicals. Therefore, the development of fast, accurat...

background: it is proved that testis is sensitive to electromagnetic field (emf) and its damage results in infertility. exposure to emf induces reactive oxygen species production and affects on anti-oxidants defense mechanisms. metallothionein (mt) is a name for a group of low molecular weight (6-7 kda), sulfhydryl rich proteins. expression of mt1 and mt2 genes in testis tissue after emf exposu...

BACKGROUND AND AIM The largest source of melatonin, according to animal studies, is the gastrointestinal (GI) tract but this is not yet thoroughly characterized in humans. This study aims to map the expression of melatonin and its two receptors in human GI tract and pancreas using microarray analysis and immunohistochemistry. METHOD Gene expression data from normal intestine and pancreas and ...