Objective: To analyse trends in mortality from coronary heart disease (CHD) and cerebrovascular disease (CVD) over the period 1965 to 1998 in the European Union, other European countries, the USA, and Japan. Methods and results: Data were derived from the World Health Organization database. In the European Union, CHD mortality in men rose from 146/100 000 in 1965–9 to 163/100 000 in 1975–9 and ...

A population-based, cross-sectional study was performed in southeast Norway, between January 2002 and February 2008, to identify subjects with hereditary ataxia and hereditary spastic paraplegia, and to estimate the prevalence of these disorders. Patients were recruited through colleagues, families, searches in computerized hospital archives and the National Patients' Association for Hereditary...

BACKGROUND Road Traffic Injuries (RTIs) as a result of road traffic crashes (RTCs) rank as the leading cause of death, disability and property loss worldwide, especially in low and middle-income countries. This study aims to analyze the costs of RTCs in Iran. METHODS A standard human capital approach was used to estimate the costs. Costs included medical, administrative and funeral costs, pro...

An error in the program for verifying the Ankeny-Artin-Chowla (AAC) conjecture is reported. As a result, in the case of primes p which are ≡ 5 mod 8, the AAC conjecture has been verified using a different multiple of the regulator of the quadratic field Q(√p) than was meant. However, since any multiple of this regulator is suitable for this purpose, provided that it is smaller than 8p, the main...

BACKGROUND PET scan is a non-invasive, complex and expensive medical imaging technology that is normally used for the diagnosis and treatment of various diseases including lung cancer. OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study is to assess the cost effectiveness of this technology in the diagnosis and treatment of non- small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) in Iran. MATERIALS AND METHODS The main ele...

Thyroid cancer is the most common of the endocrine malignancies and it represents <1% of all human tumors. The annual incidence of thyroid cancer varies considerably by geographic area, age and sex. A recent review reported an overall incidence of all types of thyroid cancer in the USA of 7.7 per 100 000 person-years, with rates of 11.3 per 100 000 woman-years and 4.1 per 100 000 man-years [1]....

BACKGROUND Since the widespread use of Haemophilus influenzae (Hi) type b (Hib) vaccines among children aged <5 years, an increase in invasive non-Hib disease incidence has been reported internationally. We sought to describe the epidemiology of invasive non-Hib disease in Ontario, Canada (population ~13.5 million). METHODS Confirmed invasive non-Hib cases (non-typeable [NTHi] and serotypes a...

BACKGROUND Despite increasing concerns about antimicrobial resistance and emerging pathogens among blood culture isolates, contemporary population-based data on the age- and sex-specific incidence of bloodstream infections (BSIs) are limited. METHODS Retrospective, population-based, cohort study of all residents of Olmsted County, Minnesota, with a BSI between January 1, 2003, and December 31...