This article has been retracted. Please see the Retraction Notice for more detail: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40550-018-0064-3.

A Correction to this paper has been published: 10.1007/s12220-018-00104-z

A recent study by Dr. Maria Antonietta De Luca demonstrated intravenous (IV) self-administration responding (nose-poking) for the synthetic cannabinoid JWH-018 [1-pentyl-3-(1-naphthoyl)indole] (Figure 1) in an experimentally naïve, adult rat species [1]. This finding is unexpected since the phytocannabinoid (−)-trans-Δ9tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC, Figure 1), a primary psychoactive constituent ...

BACKGROUND Pycnocycla spinosa Decne. ex Boiss is an aromatic plant which showed relaxant effects on isolated ileum contractions and antidiarrheal activity. Thirty four components have been extracted from P. spinosa essential oil, of which several major constituents were found to show seasonal variation. OBJECTIVES The aim of this work is to evaluate the diurnal variation of its oil constituen...

On January 22nd 2009, the German Health Authorities prohibited several non-traditional cannabinoids, that proved to be the active components in popular "Bio-Designer-Drugs" like "Spice" and analogous products. The recent detection of CP 47,497-C8 in Europe and Japan documents that these products have already spread world wide. We synthesized several potentially interesting alkylaminoindoles (al...

Polymorphism is a key feature of amyloid fibril structures but it remains challenging to explain these variations for a particular sample. Here, we report electron cryomicroscopy-based reconstructions from different fibril morphologies formed by a peptide fragment from an amyloidogenic immunoglobulin light chain. The observed fibril morphologies vary in the number and cross-sectional arrangemen...

In order to develop a curriculum especially for educable mentally retarded students at the high school level, this federally funded 1-year research project aimed to establish unique parameters involved in vocational adjustment for these students and to develop a tentative curriculum with this information. A literature review was conducted, and a research team interviewed supervisors, vocational...

Clostridium difficile is one of the main etiological agents causing antibiotic-associated diarrhea. This study investigated the genetic diversity of 70 toxigenic C. difficile isolates from two Korean hospitals by employing toxinotyping, ribotyping, multilocus sequence typing (MLST), and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). Toxin gene amplification resulted in 68 A⁺B⁺ and two A-B+ isolates. ...