In three-dimensional (3-D) cluttered scenes such as foliage, deeper surfaces often are more shadowed and hence darker, and so depth and luminance often have negative covariance. We examined whether the sign of depth-luminance covariance plays a role in depth perception in 3-D clutter. We compared scenes rendered with negative and positive depth-luminance covariance where positive covariance mea...

Department of Pharmaceutical Science, The Tokushima 770-8505, Japan. E-mail: namba Graduate School of Chemical Sciences Sapporo 060-0810, Japan Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Scienc 060-0810, Japan Catalysis Research Center, Hokkaido Unive † Electronic supplementary information ( for the synthesis of the triazapentalenes absorption and uorescence spectra, an given are the molecular orbita...

1 SFC Research Institute, Keio University, 5322 Endo, Fujisawa 252-8520, Japan 2 Department of Applied Physics, Graduate School of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Kita 13 Nishi 8, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-8628, Japan 3 Hakodate Campus, Hokkaido University of Education, 1-2 Hachiman-cho, Hakodate 040-8567, Japan 4 Division of Systems and Information Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Hok...

1Division of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Graduate School of Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0810, Japan Research Fellow of the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Japan 3Division of Natural History Sciences, Graduate School of Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0810, Japan Polar Science Center, Applied Physics Laboratory, University of Washington, ...

The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of saffron as a natural sunscreen and moisturizer. The pollens of the saffron were dried and powdered in a grinder. The experimental formulations included a homosalate (8%) lotion reference, lotions with 2, 4 and 8% of grinded saffron, and the control lotion base without saffron. The lotions containing saffron were prepared like homosal...

urban facilities are necessary components of cities. in all grown and developed cities of the world there are tremendous network of facilities such as water and electric ties, water sewage drainage, water piping and gas piping. that has not been installed in proper depth underground and locations and with growing of the cities and consumption of population. they need to be replaced by excavatin...

Hantaviral antibodies were detected in the sera from Apodemus (A.) agrarius and A. peninsulae captured in Ningxia province, China by several different serological diagnostic methods. A total of 409 sera from rodent and insectivore species were collected in 1999 and examined by indirect immunofluorescent antibody assay (IFA). Among them, 19 of 191 (9.9%) sera of A. agrarius and 1 of 13 (7. 7 %) ...

Hokkaido Institute of Public Health, Sapporo 060-0819; 1School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu 069-8501; 2Sorachi Public Health and Social Welfare Office, Iwamizawa 068-8558; 3Kamikawa Public Health and Social Welfare Office, Asahikawa 079-8610; 4Iburi Public Health and Social Welfare Office, Muroran 051-8555; 5Department of Health and Welfare, Hokkaido Government, Sapp...