We present compositions, including REEs determined by ion microprobe, of apatite and whitlockite in lunar rock assemblages rich in incompatible trace elements. Total concentrations of REE oxides in whitlockites range from 9-13 wt%, and those in apatites range from 0.15 to 1 wt%. Ratios of REE concentrations in whitlockite to those in coexisting apatite range from 10 to 60. The distribution of M...

Hydroxyapatite (HAp, Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2) has a hexagonal crystalline system and is a mineral component of vertebrate hard tissues, an important raw biomaterials and an element of drug delivery systems. It is commonly used as a filler to replace amputated bone or as a coating to promote bone ingrowth into prosthetic implants. There are, therefore, two historical research approaches to develop bioco...

Copper (Cu) plays an essential role in the human and animal body system. One of the most important sources of Cu is milk. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of different doses of injection of inorganic Cu and organic Cu as Cu-arginine and Cu-lysine on Cu concentrations of milk in the lactating Zandi’s ewes. This experimental research involved 54 lactating Zandi’s ewes collect...

Nanocrystals of apatitic calcium phosphate impart the organic-inorganic nanocomposite in bone with favorable mechanical properties. So far, the factors preventing crystal growth beyond the favorable thickness of ca. 3 nm have not been identified. Here we show that the apatite surfaces are studded with strongly bound citrate molecules, whose signals have been identified unambiguously by multinuc...

It was believed for a long time that mRNA is very unstable, and can not be used for therapeutic purposes. In the last decade, however, many research groups proved its transfection feasibility along with advantages and applications. Our investigation is aimed at establishing a potent and efficient mRNA delivery system. We previously reported that an inorganic-organic hybrid carrier by exploiting...

In a previous study (l), the authors showed that mineralized bone from a wide variety of sources possessed adenosine triphosphatase-like activity at neutral pH which was stable to heating at 100” for 30 minutes. A part of the activity was associated with the collagen matrix, since residual nucleotide phosphatase was present in bone particles which had been heated prior to complete demineralizat...

this research was conducted at the department of horticluture, university of tehran during years 2005-2006, to investigate the use of iran apatite rocks in zeoponic substrate and as well to evaluate them as substitutes for phosphate fertilizers. five different substrates namely: m1: 89 wt. % soil+10 wt. % zeolite + 1 wt.% jeyrood apatite; m2: 82 wt.% soil + 15 wt.% zeolite+ 3 wt. % jeyrood apat...

Scaffolds are crucial to tissue engineering/regeneration. In this work, a technique combining a unique phase-separation process with a novel sugar sphere template leaching process has been developed to produce three-dimensional scaffolds. The resulting scaffolds possess high porosities, well connected macropores, and nanofibrous pore walls. The technique advantageously controls macropore shape ...