Steroid hormones regulate a host of physiological processes and behaviors. These actions can occur by genomic mechanisms involving gene transcription or by nongenomic mechanisms proposed to involve receptors associated with the plasma membrane. BSA-conjugated steroid hormones have been extensively used to elucidate signal transduction pathways for these hormones. We have previously shown, using...

objective(s) the effect of tamoxifen as a selective estrogen receptor modulator which is widely used for treatment of early and metastatic breast cancer was investigated on the folliculogenesis in rat's fetuses and neonates. materials and methods the pregnant rats assigned into test and control groups. control group received olive oil and treatment groups received either 17-β-estradiol (10...

Biochanin A (BCA) is a major isoflavone abundant in red clover (Trifolium pretense). The protective effect of BCA on bone loss in an ovariectomized (OVX) animal model has never been clarified. The objective of this study was to investigate the biological effects of BCA on bone loss in OVX rats in vivo and on the development of osteoblasts and osteoclasts in vitro. Ovariectomy resulted in a mark...

Background One of the most lethal cancers is hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Genistein (GE) is a choice compound for treatment of certain types of cancer. Phytoestrogens are plant derivatives that bear a structural similarity to 17-β estradiol (E2) and act in a similar manner. They are a group of lipophillic plant compounds with tumorigenic and antitumorigenic effects. E2 has stimulatory and in...

Suzuki T, Shimizu T, Yu HP, Hsieh YC, Choudhry MA, Chaudry IH. Salutary effects of 17 -estradiol on T-cell signaling and cytokine production after trauma-hemorrhage are mediated primarily via estrogen receptor. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 292: C2103–C2111, 2007. First published February 7, 2007; doi:10.1152/ajpcell.00488.2006.—Although 17 -estradiol (E2) administration following trauma-hemorrhage...

The mu-opioid agonist DAMGO (Tyr-D-Ala-Gly-MePhe-Gly-ol) hyperpolarizes the majority of arcuate hypothalamic (ARC) neurons by opening an inwardly rectifying potassium conductance. The EC50 for the DAMGO-induced hyperpolarization was 60 +/- 3 nM in ARC neurons from ovariectomized guinea pigs. Superfusion of 17 beta-estradiol (E2; 100 nM) for 20 min in vitro resulted in a significant decrease in ...

Gonadal steroid 17?-estradiol (E2) exerts rapid, non-genomic effects on neurons and strictly regulates learning memory through altering glutamatergic neurotransmission synaptic plasticity. However, its AMPARs are not well understood. Here, we analyzed the rapid effect of E2 using single-molecule tracking super-resolution imaging techniques. We found that rapidly decreased surface movement AMPAR...

Arthritis is positively associated with the decline of sex hormones, especially estrogen. Tamoxifen (TMX) is a selective estrogen receptor modulator, possessing agonist or antagonistic activity in different tissues. Thus, the objective of this study was to investigate the effect of TMX on the zymosan-induced arthritis model. Female Swiss normal and ovariectomized (OVX) mice were divided into gr...

Endometriosis represents one of the most frequent causes of restricted fecundity. Despite the progress in medicine, appropriate diagnosis and treatment pose significant problems. The aim of this study was to evaluate ALA-induced PpIX fluorescence of normal endometrial epithelial cells for the diagnosis of endometriosis. PpIX-fluorescence was measured after stimulation with estradiol-17 beta (E2...