2,3-dihydroxy-2-methylbutyric acid, also known as 2,3-dimethylglyceric constitutes the acyl and/or alcoholic moiety of many bioactive natural esters. Herein, we describe a chemoenzymatic methodology which gives access to all four possible stereoisomers acid ethyl ester. The racemic ?-acetolactate, produced by N-heterocycle carbene (NHC)-catalyzed coupling pyruvate and methylacetoin was employed...

Thymidylate synthase (TS), the target enzyme of the fluoropyrimidine class of drugs, has a 28-bp repeat polymorphism in the promoter region that has been associated with response of tumors to 5-fluorouracil-based therapy. Patients homozygous for the double repeat (2R/2R) in the TS gene have an overall better outcome from treatment than patients homozygous for the triple repeat (3R/3R). However,...

Abstract The identification of perpetrators, present in Child Sexual Abuse Imagery (CSAI), is a significant challenge due to the use anonymisation techniques that mask their identities. Consequently, researchers have investigated uncommon biometric identifiers such as knuckle patterns, palmprints and dorsal side hand. This research proposes Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) based, fully automa...

The purpose of the present field study was to examine the predictions of Multidimensional Anxiety Theory (MAT; Martens et a]., 1990) with elite male wheelchair basketball players. Thirty-seven elite male wheelchair basketball players completed the CSAI-I1 prior to each of three tournament games. Results were analyzed using the intraindividual procedures recommended by Sonstroem and Bernado (198...

Functional studies of the interleukin 2 receptor (IL-2R) of two (ED515-D and Kit225) IL-2-dependent and three (ED515-I, 3T3-alpha beta 11, and Hut102) IL-2-independent cell lines were done. All of these cell lines appeared to express high as well as low affinity IL-2R. However, ED515-I and 3T3-alpha beta 11, which expressed the IL-2R beta chain, did not bind IL-2 at all when IL-2 binding to the...

The concentration of soluble interleukin 2 receptor (IL-2R) was determined in the serum of 54 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) by an enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using two monoclonal antibodies with the IL-2R. Concentrations of soluble IL-2R in the serum of the patients with SLE (study group) were significantly higher than in 20 normal subjects (control group). The ...

The IL-2 receptor (IL-2R) gamma chain, the so-called common gamma (gamma(c)) chain, which is shared with multiple cytokine receptors, plays important roles in the immune system. Here we assessed the immunosuppressive ability of mAb specific for the gamma(c) chain in induction of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) and allograft rejection in combination with mAb specific for the alpha and beta chains ...

The plasma soluble interleukin-2 receptor (sIL-2R) level was higher in 137 patients with acute leukemia (1,489 +/- 1,798 U/ml, including 98 cases of acute myeloid leukemia (AML), 1,063 +/- 1,414 U/ml, and 39 cases of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), 2,561 +/- 2,194 U/ml), compared to 49 normal control subjects, 421 +/- 151 U/ml). The ALL patients showed elevated plasma sIL-2R levels more fre...