Recent efforts to monitor the health of coral reefs have highlighted the benefits of using structure from motion-based assessments, and despite increasing use of this technique in ecology and geomorphology, no study has attempted to quantify the precision of this technique over time and across different observers. This study determined whether 3D models of an ecologically relevant reef structur...

In this chapter we present a study of the large scale beam break up and filamentation of femtosecond pulses in a Kerr medium. We have experimentally monitored the formation of stable light filaments, conical emission and interactions between filaments. Three major stages lead to the formation of stable light filaments: First the beam breaks up into a pattern of connected lines (constellation), ...

Three-dimensional models of complex astrophysical objects like galaxies or planetary nebulae have numerous applications in science, education and entertainment. The large distance of these objects, however, makes it difficult to obtain depth information, and conventional image-based 3D reconstruction algorithms and modeling tools are most often not able to faithfully reproduce their structure. ...

AutoVis is a data viewer that responds to content – text, relational tables, hierarchies, streams, images – and displays the information appropriately (that is, as an expert would). Its design rests on the grammar of graphics, scagnostics and a modeler based on the logic of statistical analysis. We distinguish an automatic visualization system (AVS) from an automated visualization system. The f...

This paper presents a novel synthesis and analysis of a flexible elephant trunk robot (biological continuum–style manipulator). The robot includes eight flexible segments, although it can be extended to more segments as necessary. In this study the gravity of the springs is neglected due to the fact that the manipulation force is much larger than these gravity forces. This mechanism exhibits a ...

We study a field–theoretical analogue of the Aharonov–Bohm effect in two-, threeand four-dimensional Abelian Higgs models; the corresponding topological interaction is proportional to the linking number of the Abrikosov vortex and the particle world trajectories. We show that the Aharonov–Bohm effect gives rise to a nontrivial interaction of tested charged particles. The numerical calculations ...

Highly accurate group delay measurements in long singlemode fibers were achieved over the full 1200-1600 nm spectral range by measuring phase shifts of a modulated lightwave. The high modulation frequency is shifted down to the kilohertz range using a second optical modulation at the fiber output end, so that low-frequency ultrasensitive detection and phase measurement can be performed with hig...

Outputs from a physiologically-based toxicokinetic (PBTK) model for fish were visualized by mapping time-series data for specific tissues onto a three-dimensional representation of a rainbow trout. The trout representation was generated in stepwise fashion: 1) cross-sectional images were obtained from an anesthetized fish using a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) system, 2) images were processed...

Samples of snow and firn from accumulation zones on Clark Glacier, Commonwealth Glacier, Blue Glacier and Victoria Upper Glacier in the McMurdo Dry Valleys (�77–788S and 161– 1648E), Antarctica, are evaluated chemically and isotopically to determine the relative importance of local (site-specific) factors versus regional-scale influences in defining glaciochemistry. Spatial variation in snow an...

The process of stress accumulation near earthquake faults during the aseismic period in between two major seismic events in seismically active regions has become a subject of research during the last few decades. Earthquake fault of finite length of strike-slip nature in a viscoelastic layer over a viscoelastic half space representing the lithosphere-asthenosphere system has been considered her...