Energy required for vehicles Low case High case A1(S1) 2007 onroad vehicle miles traveled in the U.S. (mi/yr) 3.237E+12 3.237E+12 A2 (S2) Total onroad vehicle fleet mileage (mpg) 1.711E+01 1.711E+01 A3=A1/A2 Gallons of fuel (gas+diesel) used (gal/yr) 1.892E+11 1.892E+11 A4 Lower heating value gasoline (MJ/kg) 4.400E+01 4.400E+01 A5 Gasoline density (kg/m3) 7.500E+02 7.500E+02 A6 Gallons per cub...

The purpose of this study is to determine the energy use efficiency and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in peach production that took place Kırklareli province Turkey during 2020-2021 season. This includes calculations input, output, efficiency, specific energy, productivity, net input types, GHG ratio. Survey, observation data are related obtained from were collected 16 different farms (reachab...

The energy efficiency, greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, and carbon efficiency of paddy rice production were analysed in Sari in the Mazandaran province of Iran during 2011–2012. Data was collected through questionnaires and interviews with paddy producers. The results showed that the net energy gain was 27,932 MJ ha-1 and energy efficiency was 1.83 during production. The results o...

1. In a study spanning two breeding seasons, we assessed the effect of different dietary energy and protein levels on body mass, body condition, and egg production of female ostriches. 2. During the first breeding season, groups were given diets with energy concentrations of 8.5, 9.5 and 10.5 MJ/kg dry mass (DM) metabolisable energy (ME) and protein concentrations of 135, 150 and 165 g/kg. In t...

Hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) is a promising technology used for bioenergy conversion from bio-wastes such as sewage sludge, livestock manure, and food waste. To determine the optimum HTC reaction temperature in maximizing the gross energy recovery efficiency of poultry slaughterhouse sludge cake, a pilot-scale HTC reactor was designed and operated under reaction temperatures of 170, 180, 19...

Abstract To estimate energy use efficiency for sweet potato production in Bangladesh under subtropical climatic conditions, a study was conducted with 60 individuals (12 producers each variety) by using structural questionnaire. The results revealed that the majority of input consumed pre-harvest activities (22,313.55 MJ ha−1 or 90.85%), which fertilizer application (36.84%) and irrigation (35....

The aim of this case study was to examine energy expenditure (EE) in one cyclist during an extreme endurance cycling race – the “XXAlps 2004” (2,272 km distance and 55,455 m altitude) which was completed in 5 days and 7 hours – and whether the energy deficit derives primarily from the degradation of subcutaneous adipose tissue or loss of muscle mass. Energy intake (EI) was continuously recorded...

Due to the threat posed by spread of invasive plant species, there is an urgent need develop effective methods eradicating and managing their biomass. The aim study was examine selected plants in terms use for energy purposes find out whether they can be a raw material production second-generation biofuels. First, chemical compositions were determined. higher heating value (HHV) lower (LHV) als...

BACKGROUND The antimalarial activity and lipid profiles of Methyl Jasmonate (MJ) were investigated against established malaria infection in vivo using BALB/c mice. METHODS Arteether (AE) and chloroquine (CQ) were used as reference drugs while ethanol was used as the vehicle for drug delivery for MJ. RESULTS Mice treated with 10 and 25 mg/kg MJ showed a remarkable reduction in percentage par...

  Shirbot (Barbus grypus) as a species with high potential for aquaculture development recently propagated artificially in South Iran Aquaculture Research Center to extend the species diversity in polyculture system. To provide an effective economic diet for this species 9 experimental diets containing three crude protein levels (250, 300, and 350 g kg -1) and three metabolizable energy levels ...