PURPOSE To define the time needed by urology residents to attain proficiency in computer-aided robotic surgery to aid in the refinement of a robotic surgery simulation curriculum. METHODS We undertook a retrospective review of robotic skills training data acquired during January 2012 to December 2014 from junior (postgraduate year [PGY] 2-3) and senior (PGY4-5) urology residents using the da ...

 Progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis (PFIC) is a heterogeneous group of autosomal recessive cholestatic diseases of childhood and represents the main indication for liver transplantation at this age; PFIC2 involves ABCB11 gene, that encodes the ATPdependent canalicular bile salt export pump (BSEP). Benign intrahepatic cholestasis (BRIC) identifies a group of diseases involving the sam...

Hepatitis A virus (HAV) infection resolves in most patients uneventfully within weeks from the onset of the disease. In rare cases, however, it may relapse or cause prolonged cholestasis. Here we present a case of a 36-year-old female patient who developed severe pruritus and jaundice three weeks after initially uncomplicated hepatitis A. A relapse of the infection was excluded. Since therapy w...

Little information is available in the literature regarding the expression and activity of transporters in fetal human liver or cultured cells. A synthetic progesterone structural analog, 17ahydroxyprogesterone caproate (17-OHPC), is used in the prevention of spontaneous abortion in women with a history of recurrent miscarriage (habitual abortion). 17-OHPC has been reported to traverse the plac...

Progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis (PFIC) includes a group of infrequent genetic diseases with autosomal recessive heredity, characterized by intrahepatic cholestasis, usually in childhood and in adolescence. It is caused by defective bile salt secretion and other bile components. The progression leading to liver failure and cirrhosis usually appears in the first few decades of life....

Objective: To report the mutational landscape of a clinically diagnosed cohort paediatric patients with cholestasis liver diseases. Method: The retrospective study was conducted at University Child Health Sciences, Children Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan, from December 10, 2021, to March 31, 2022, and comprised data collected Paediatric Gastroenterology Hepatology unit on demographics, clinical lab...