Hematopoiesis has been studied via stem cell labeling using barcodes, viral integration sites (VISs), or in situ methods. Subsequent proliferation and differentiation preserve the tag identity, thus defining a clone of mature cells across multiple type lineages. By tracking population clones, measured within samples taken at discrete time points, we infer physiological parameters associated wit...

Ecologists and managers require accurate population estimates of marine mammals to assess potential anthropogenic threats these animals. We present in-water density abundance a distinct stock harbor seals (Phoca vitulina richardii) in Hood Canal, Washington, USA. used aerial line-transect survey data collected from 2013 2016 directly estimate seal the waters deep-water fjord Salish Sea. estimat...

BACKGROUND Experiments involving mosquito mark-release-recapture (MRR) design are helpful to determine abundance, survival and even recruitment of mosquito populations in the field. Obstacles in mosquito MRR protocols include marking limitations due to small individual size, short lifespan, low efficiency in capturing devices such as traps, and individual removal upon capture. These limitations...

Phage are the most abundant biological entities in the biosphere, with an estimated 10 particles on the planet. They also play a major role in carbon cycling; at least 25% of fixed carbon passes through phage. Their roles as predators of bacteria have important implications for possible marine CO2 sequestration. Metagenomic analyses show that the rank-abundance curve for marine phage communitie...

We examined patterns of non-native plant diversity in protected and managed ponderosa pine/Douglas-®r forests of the Colorado Front Range. Cheesman Lake, a protected landscape, and Turkey Creek, a managed landscape, appear to have had similar natural disturbance histories prior to European settlement and ®re protection during the last century. However, Turkey Creek has experienced logging, graz...

A pixel in remotely sensed hyperspectral imagery is typically a mixture of multiple electromagnetic radiances from various ground cover materials. Spectral unmixing is a quantitative analysis procedure used to recognize constituent ground cover materials (or endmembers) and obtain their mixing proportions (or abundances) from a mixed pixel. The abundances are typically estimated using the least...

List of Figures ii List of Tables ii 1. Sequencing experiment 1 2. Mapping fragments to the genome 1 2.1. Discovering splice junctions 2 2.2. Resolving multiple alignments for fragments 2 3. Transcript abundance estimation 4 3.1. Definitions 4 3.2. A statistical model for RNA-Seq 4 3.3. Estimation of parameters 8 3.4. Assessment of abundance estimation 12 4. Transcript assembly 15 4.1. Overview...

investment shows a combination of demand of firms and supply household savings and due to the volatile nature reflects short-term fluctuations in the economy of any country. this study examines the effect of abundance natural resources on private sector investment through the economic freedom and five main index (government's size, the structure of property rights, access to sound money, f...