Describing memory for a nonverbal perceptual stimulus can impair recognition. This verbal overshadowing effect may occur when perceptual expertise exceeds verbal expertise, but previous evidence for this hypothesis has been strictly correlational. We conducted two experiments, exploring the relation between expertise and verbal overshadowing by manipulating perceptual and conceptual knowledge. ...

The Chinese species complex of Hygrophorus russula in subsection Clitocyboides has been studied. Three new species, H. orientalis, qinggangjun, and yunnanensis were proposed based on morphology, molecular systematics, chemical reactions. qinggangjun occur at high elevations Yunnan China; orientalis widely distributes low East Asia. At present, seven taxa have revealed the complex, a key to thes...

Studying on Agaricales fungi collected from different parts of Mashhad and its suburbs (Khorasan province), 23 species were identificed. Among these, 18 species, namely, Lepiota cristata, Tricholoma sulphureum, Flammulina velutipes, Armillaria mellea, Pleurotus ostratus, Conocybe lactea, Agrocybe cylindracea, Mycena galopus, Psilocybe crobulus, Hypholoma   fasciculare, Agaricus bitorquis, Pholi...