tracheobronchopathia osteochondroplastica (to) is a rare disorder of large airways with unknown etiology which is characterized by cartilaginous and bony nodules lining the mucosa of the trachea and major bronchi. generally, it is benign and asymptomatic, but it may present with cough, exertional dyspnea and wheezing. it could therefore be mistaken with asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary ...

Studying airflow characteristics in the human respiratory system is important for understanding properties of aerosol transport and deposition. This study first constructed a whole-lung airway model (WLAM) with random features extending from mouth to 13th generation bronchus. The large eddy simulation method utilized investigate both averaged fields flow unsteadiness under inspiratory rates 15 ...

Heterogeneity of airway constriction and regional ventilation in asthma are commonly studied under the paradigm that each airway's response is independent from other airways. However, some paradoxical effects and contradictions in recent experimental and theoretical findings suggest that considering interactions among serial and parallel airways may be necessary. To examine airway behavior in a...

respiratory virus infection is a major cause of asthma exacerbation. however, the underlying mechanisms of  this exacerbation  are unknown. therefore,  to  determine  the mechanisms, we examined the effect of influenza infection in a murine model of asthma.mice were divided into four groups: the phosphate-buffered saline (pbs), house dust mite (hdm), influenza, and hdm/influenza groups. the inf...

In patients with fibrotic pulmonary disease such as idiopathic fibrosis (IPF), inhaled aerosols deposit mostly in the les affected region of lung, resulting suboptimal pharmacokinetics airway-delivered treatments. Refinement aerosol delivery technique requires new models to simulate major alterations lung physiology associated IPF, i.e. heterogeneously reduced compliance and increased airway ca...

Introdouction: This study investigated the potential relationship between vertical facial growth patterns and airway volumes in a sample of Iranian adult patients. Materials and methods: This cross sectional study was conducted on 72 adult patients (44 females, 28 males), ages 18– 45 years, who had been referred to the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology at the Shiraz Univer...

Mycoplasma pneumoniae (Mp) has been linked to chronic asthma. Airway remodeling (e.g., airway collagen deposition or fibrosis) is one of the pathological features of chronic asthma. However, the effects of respiratory Mp infection on airway fibrosis in asthma remain unclear. In the present study, we hypothesized that respiratory Mp infection may increase the airway collagen deposition in a muri...

To objectively quantify airway geometry from three-dimensional computed tomographic (CT) images, an idealized (circular cross section) airway model is parameterized by airway luminal caliber, wall thickness, and tilt angle. Using a two-dimensional CT slice, an initial guess for the airway center, and the full-width-half-maximum principle, we form an estimate of inner and outer airway wall locat...

BACKGROUND Short-term exposure to high concentrations of ozone has been shown to increase airway hyper-responsiveness (AHR). Because the changes in AHR and airway inflammation and structure after chronic ozone exposure need to be determined, the goal of this study was to investigate these effects in a murine model of allergic airway disease. METHODS We exposed BALB/c mice to 2 ppm ozone for 4...