The equine upper airway is highly adapted to provide the extremely high oxygen demand associated with strenuous aerobic exercise in this species. The tongue musculature, innervated by the hypoglossal nerve, plays an important role in airway stability in humans who also have a highly adapted upper airway to allow speech. The role of the hypoglossal nerve in stabilizing the equine upper airway ha...

Objective: Recent years have witnessed a renewed interest to determine a quantifiable relationship between mandibular advancement performed with an orthodontic appliance and the resulting airway dimensions and volume. The study was conducted to evaluate the changes in dimensions of pharyngeal airway space using computed tomography (CT) in Class II division 1 patients with retrognathic mandible ...

Dynamic regional lung function was investigated in rats using a radial acquisition cine (RA-CINE) pulse sequence together with hyperpolarized (HP) He gas delivered by a constant flow ventilator. Based on regional differences in the behavior of inspired air, the lung was conceptually divided into two regions (the major airways and the peripheral airspace) for purposes of functional analysis. To ...

Dynamic regional lung function was investigated in rats using a radial acquisition cine (RA-CINE) pulse sequence together with hyperpolarized (HP) (3)He gas delivered by a constant flow ventilator. Based on regional differences in the behavior of inspired air, the lung was conceptually divided into two regions (the major airways and the peripheral airspace) for purposes of functional analysis. ...

Computed tomography (CT) and spirometry are the mainstays of clinical pulmonary assessment. Spirometry is effort dependent and only provides a single global measure that is insensitive for regional disease, and as such, poor for capturing the early onset of lung disease, especially patchy disease such as cystic fibrosis lung disease. CT sensitively measures change in structure associated with a...

BACKGROUND Severe hypoperfusion can cause lung damage. We studied the effects of regional perfusion block in normal lungs and in the lungs that had been conditioned by lavage with 500 ml saline and high V T (20 ml kg-1) ventilation. METHODS Nineteen pigs (61.2 ± 2.5 kg) were randomized to five groups: controls (n = 3), the right lower lobe block alone (n = 3), lavage and high V T (n = 4), lun...

Smoke inhalation injury causes acute airway injury that may result in airway compromise with significant morbidity and mortality. We investigate the ability of high resolution endobronchial optical coherence tomography (OCT) to obtain real-time images for quantitatively assessing regional differences between upper tracheal versus lower tracheal and bronchial airway injury responses to smoke inh...

In recent years, adductor canal block (ACB) has been introduced as an alternative for femoral nerve block with a great advantage of preserving or minimally reducing quadriceps strength. The technique is relatively easy and is performed under ultrasound guidance. Despite growing evidence regarding efficacy and safety of ACB following knee surgery, use of ACB is still limited to high volume ortho...

Smoke inhalation injury causes acute airway injury that may result in airway compromise with significant morbidity and mortality. We investigate the ability of high resolution endobronchial optical coherence tomography OCT to obtain real-time images for quantitatively assessing regional differences between upper tracheal versus lower tracheal and bronchial airway injury responses to smoke inhal...