OBJECTIVE In previous studies, factors related to a history of suicide attempts in persons with alcohol dependence have included sociodemographic variables, a more severe course of alcoholism, additional substance use disorders, and psychiatric comorbidity. This 5-year prospective study evaluated attributes associated with suicide attempts in a group of treatment-seeking persons with alcohol de...

F etal alcohol syndrome (FAS) is the most common, nongenetic cause of mental retardation, and has a signifi cant national health impact [1]. Meeting the criteria for this condition requires the identifi cation of specifi c features, involving craniofacial dysmorphology (particularly midfacial anomalies), growth retardation, and defi cits in brain function. Most children with alcohol-induced pre...

Development of alcohol use disorders largely depends on the effects of alcohol on the brain reward systems. Emerging evidence indicate that common mechanisms regulate food and alcohol intake and raise the possibility that endocrine signals from the gut may play an important role for alcohol consumption, alcohol-induced reward and the motivation to consume alcohol. Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1...

There are studies that present metabolic disorders in alcohol drinkers associated with thiamine deficiency. Therefore, the study, it was aimed to investigate effectiveness of rats binge drinking model. For this purpose, total 21 spraque dawley were divided into three equal groups as control, and thiamine+alcohol groups. The thiamine+ethanol group given at a daily dose 100 mg/kg by oral gavage, ...

The Classification of Psychoactive Drugs Sedative Hypnotics and Antianxiety Agents Focus on Disorders: Fetal Alcohol Syndrome Antipsychotic Agents Antidepressants Focus on Disorders: Depression Narcotic Analgesics Stimulants Drugs, Experience, Context, and Genes Tolerance Sensitization Addiction and Dependence Explaining Drug Abuse Behavior on Drugs Why Doesn’t Everyone Abuse Drugs? Can Drugs C...

Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) has been used widely in various psychiatric disorders like depression and schizophrenia. There have been some reports of its usefulness in alcohol dependence and substance use disorders. The present paper reviews the studies done using rTMS in substance use disorders including alcohol and nicotine dependence. Various studies done have been rev...

Epigenetic mechanisms have been shown to play a role in alcohol use disorders (AUDs) and may prove to be valuable therapeutic targets. However, the involvement of histone deacetylases (HDACs) on alcohol-induced oxidative stress of human primary monocyte-derived dendritic cells (MDDCs) has not been elucidated. In the current study, we took a novel approach combining ex vivo, in vitro and in sili...

Alcohol is a well-known cytotoxic agent which causes various kinds of neuronal damage. In spite of thousands of published studies, the true mechanism of alcohol-induced neuronal damage remains unclear. Neurogenesis is the generation of neurons from neural stem cells (NSCs) and occurs in predominantly two regions of the brain, the subventricular zone and the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus. NSC...

The identification of growth factors as potential biomarkers in alcohol addiction may help to understand underlying mechanisms associated with the pathogenesis of alcohol use disorders (AUDs). Previous studies have linked growth factors to neural plasticity in neurocognitive impairment and mental disorders. In order to further clarify the impact of chronic alcohol consumption on circulating gro...