Oral administration of antibiotics for treatment of urinary tract infections (UTIs) can cause ecological disturbances in the normal intestinal microflora. Poorly absorbed drugs can reach the colon in active form, suppress susceptible microorganisms and disturb the ecological balance. Suppression of the normal microflora may lead to reduced colonization resistance with subsequent overgrowth of p...

Anaerobic digesters were first widely constructed in the United States during the 1970’s energy crisis. Within the anaerobic environment inside a digester, methanogenic microorganisms, utilize organic matter, carbon dioxide, and hydrogen to produce methane, resulting in the creation of renewable energy with decreases in greenhouse gas emissions, organic pollutants, pathogens, and odor (Martin, ...

Biodegradability , are known as biological degradation degree of biodegradable organic pollutants by microorganisms. Organic biodegradability can be divided into aerobic biodegradability and anaerobic biodegradability. At present, evaluation methods for biological degradation degree include aerobic biodegradability method of relative oxygen consumption or rate method, integrated test evaluation...

Combined with conventional methods, developments in both geochemical (delineation of redox processes) and molecular microbial methods (analysis of 16S rDNA genes and functional genes) have allowed us to study in details microorganisms and genes involved in the anaerobic degradation of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylene (BTEX) under specific redox conditions. This review summarizes recent...

Cytogenetic Effects in Corn Exposed to Atomic Bomb Ionizing Radiation at Bikini: L. F. Randolph, A. E. Longley, and ChingHsiung Li ................................................................. Crystalline Human Myoglobin: Some Physicochemical Properties and Chemical Composition: Alessandro Rossi-Fanelli .............................. Differential Effects of 2,4-D on Aerobic, Anaerobic, and ...

METHYLATION OF MERCURY BY MICROORGANISMS ..................................... 96 Mechanism of Methylation of Mercury....................................................... 96 Methylmercury Formation Under Anaerobic Conditions ........................................ 97 Methylmercury Formation Under Aerobic Conditions .......................................... 97 Effects of HgS on Methylation o...

Benzene was mineralized to CO2 by aquifer-derived microorganisms under strictly anaerobic conditions. The degradation occurred in microcosms containing gasoline-contaminated subsurface sediment from Seal Beach, California, and anaerobic, sulfide-reduced defined mineral medium supplemented with 20 mM sulfate. Benzene, at initial concentrations ranging from 40 to 200 microM, was depleted in all m...

// is our hypothesis that fermentative, acetogenic, and sulfaiereductng bacteria residing in pipeline faculties can influence corrosion through the production of carbon dioxide and acetate under the prevailing anaerobic conditions. The exacerbation of carbon dioxide corrosion of carbon sleel in the presence of acetic acid is a well-known phenomenon in the oil Industry. Doth chemical compounds c...

Vitamin B12, the 'antipernicious anaemia factor', is required for human and animal metabolism. It was discovered in the late 1940s and its unique corrin ligand was revealed approx. 10 years later by X-ray crystallography. The B12-coenzymes are cofactors in various important enzymatic reactions and are particularly relevant in the metabolism of anaerobic microorganisms. Microorganisms are the on...

Wound infections are one of the most common hospital acquired infections and are an important cause of morbidity and account for 70-80% mortality (Gottrup et al., 2005; Wilson et al., 2004). Wound infections can be caused by different groups of microorganisms like bacteria, fungi and protozoa. However, different microorganisms can exist in polymicrobial communities especially in the margins of ...