In this study we investigate utterance-final intonation in two dialects of Kammu, one tonal and one non-tonal. While the general patterns of utterance-final intonation are similar between the dialects, we do find clear evidence that the lexical tones of the tonal dialect restrict the pitch range and the realization of focus. Speaker engagement can have a strong effect on the utterance-final acc...

In this paper the distribution of nuclear accents in declaratives of four major dialects of Irish is described. The findings show considerable variation, particular between northern and southern dialects. Speakers of the northern dialect of Donegal show a propensity for rising nuclear accents (L*+H) in declaratives, while speakers of the other, more southern, dialects of Mayo, South Connaught a...

kurmanji is probably the most well known variety of kurdish language. apart from such countries as turkey, iraq, syria, and some areas in western iran, it is spoken in khorasan-e shomali and khorasan-e razavi provinces in north-east iran. the residents of biglar –a village near quchan in north-west khorasan-e razavi province- as well as many other people living in the neighboring villages speak...

this paper is an attempt to shed light on the effects of modernization, urbanization, monolingual educational system, and mass media as well as the process of globalization on dialect leveling among persian dialects. in so doing, the first part of the paper elaborates on the relationship between globalization and sociolinguistics, and on the concept of standardization. also, it discusses some ...

Speech rhythm can be measured acoustically in terms of durational characteristics of consonantal and vocalic intervals. The present paper investigated how acoustically measurable rhythm varies across dialects of Swiss German. Rhythmic measurements (%V, �C, �V, varcoC, varcoV, rPVI-C, nPVIC, nPVI-V) were carried out on four sentences of six speakers from eight Swiss dialects. Results indicate th...

this article examines the number of arabic dialects, reminding their majority in a comparative and a practical way. then comes the words of ibn jinni in unusualness and usualness in the language and its four types and represents them as stated in ibn jinni’s books and specially their characteristics. also shows that the purpose of reading the unusualness does not mean they are in unusual dialec...

Kammu, a Mon-Khmer language spoken in Northern Laos is a language that has developed lexical tones rather recently, from the point of view of language history. One of the main dialects of this language is a tone language of the “East Asian” type with (high or low) tone on each syllable, while the other main dialect lacks lexical tones. The dialects differ only marginally in other respects. This...

Cultural evolution is an important force in creating and maintaining behavioral variation in some species. Vocal dialects have provided a useful model for the study of cultural evolution and its interactions with genetic evolution. This study examined the acoustic and geographic changes in vocal dialects over an eleven-year span in the yellow-naped amazon, Amazona auropalliata, in Costa Rica. C...