Somatic embryogenesis could be achieved in Themeda quadrivalvis (Linn.) O. Ktze -fodder grass species on MS medium supplemented with 2,4-D. Incorporation of putrescine in the medium stimulated embryogenesis, however its lower concentration stimulated production of non-regenerative callus. Other polyamines such as spermine and spermidine could not evoke similar response. Ascorbic acid used as an...

Ten commercial sugarcane varieties, N12, N14, N19, N24, N25, N26, N27, 75E247, 84E1334 and NCo376 were tested for suitability for transformation in terms of their embryogenic callus production and transient expression levels. Based on an increase in callus mass over time, varieties N12, N19, N27, NCo376 and 84E1334 outperformed other varieties on Murashige and Skoog medium containing 2,4-dichlo...

Polyethylene glycol (PEG) can be used to mimic osmotic stress in plant tissue cultures to study mechanisms of tolerance. The aim of this experiment was to investigate the effects of PEG (M.W. 6000) on embryogenic callus of Medicago truncatula. Leaf explants were cultured on MS medium with 2 mg L-1 NAA and 0.5 mg L-1 BAP for 5 months. Then, calli were transferred to the same medium further suppl...

Rice (Oryza sativa cv. 5272) embryogenic calli were obtained from mature zygotic embryos culture on Murashige & Skoog (1962) medium supplemented with 2.5 mg/l 2,4dichlorophenoxyacetic acid. Histological analysis of somatic embryogenesis revealed that after two weeks of culture of explants on the callus induction medium, somatic embryo development began with a cluster of proembryogenic cells in ...

Degrading cells of wheat and barley callus have all known ultrastructural features, which are characteristic for apoptotic cells: intense vacuolization, increasing the size of the nucleus, cupped invaginations of plastids, mitochondria saving until the last stages of cell degradation and the formation of vesicles, similar to apoptotic bodies. It is the first showed that degrading cells in embry...

Upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) is one of the most recalcitrant species for in vitro plant regeneration through somatic embryogenesis. Callus from only a few cultivars can produce embryogenic callus (EC), but the mechanism is not well elucidated. Here we screened a cultivar, CRI24, with high efficiency of EC produce. The expression of genes relevant to EC production was analyzed between the ...

The purpose of the research study is to select the best rice explant and variety for Agrobacterium mediated genetic transformation studies. In vitro callus induction and regeneration frequency of two explants i.e. immature embryo and mature grains of 9 rice varieties (Oryza sativa L.) was investigated by culturing explants source on N6 media supplemented with 2, 4-D at 2mg/l for callus inductio...

Degrading cells of wheat and barley callus have all known ultrastructural features, which are characteristic for apoptotic cells: intense vacuolization, increasing the size of the nucleus, cupped invaginations of plastids, mitochondria saving until the last stages of cell degradation and the formation of vesicles, similar to apoptotic bodies. It is the first showed that degrading cells in embry...

Two somatic embryogenesis receptor-like kinase genes (identified as AcSERK1 and AcSERK2) have previously been characterized from pineapple (Ananas comosus). In this work, we describe the characterization of a third gene (AcSERK3) in this family. AcSERK3 had all the characteristic domains and shared extensive sequence homology with other plant SERKs. AcSERK3 expression was studied by in situ hyb...

Somatic embryogenesis is a developmental process during which plant somatic cells, under in vitro conditions, produce embryogenic cells that develop into embryos. an efficient method clonal propagation of plants. Mature embryos were used as explant source for callus formation and the produced compact, healthy most mature induced callus. showed similar morphologically to their non-somatic counte...