our country, iran is one of the countries in the world population it has become a social problem. iran's population growth despite decreased rate in recent years is still relatively high and due to the young population, there is also the possibility of increased population growth in the coming years. this study aimed to assess the reproductive status of working women (in education and training ...

Despite greater knowledge about gender (in)equality issues, women in science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) are still largely portrayed in stereotypical ways in the media. We sought to uncover what both academic research and mainstream US and UK media communicate relative to the topic of women in STEM, in general, and women in computing, in particular. The notion of image cente...

This paper reviews the growing body of research literature on the relationship of domestic violence to welfare. Not only do women on welfare suffer from domestic violence in far greater numbers than women in the general population, but their abusers, threatened by the women's efforts at education, training, or work, also use violence and threats of violence to sabotage these efforts at economic...

Women should have the right to move about within the confines of their homes among those persons with whom they share the most intimate, interpersonal relationships without fearing for their safety and well-being, for life itself. In general women accept and expect that right as a given; however recent studies cited by Davidson (1978) from the National Institute of Mental Health suggest that 50...

This study focused on the factor structure of the victimization form of the Revised Conflict Tactics Scales (CTS2). A sample of 1,266 women participated in the study, including a subgroup of battered women. Results of confirmatory factor analysis supported a model that integrates the five original scales with the severity of violence (minor, severe). In addition, the distinction between minor a...

Institutional analysis that aims to contribute to the reduction of rural poverty needs to focus first of all on the ways in which institutions influence poverty and the livelihoods of the poor. Therefore the starting point has to be poor people themselves. This means understanding their diversity and the different characteristics of people who are affected by poverty and experience it in differ...

Offers a look on how Australian humor describes the status of women in several literary works. Women writers' treatment of their marginalization in society; Creation of a world where gender power relations are reversed; Description of male myths of nationhood; Satirical presentation of gender bias..

Empowerment is the most recent policy approach to women in development. It takes into account not only both the practical and strategic gender needs of women but also recognizes their triple role in development. In doing so it follows a bottom-up approach. Empowerment has a number of dimensions with political participation as being one of them. The political presence of women in politics, howev...

study more than a third of the abused women had been admitted five times or more. The greater differences in admissions in the ages over 30 might be related to ongoing domestic violence. Several studies indicate that the risk ofbeing the victim of wife beating is most pronounced in the fourth decade of life.' 24 The abused woman, in her exposed and desolate situation, does not always seek medic...

The social files and medical records of 98 acutely battered wives who attended a surgical emergency department were studied. Although all women had been hospitalized during the decade preceding the present incident, wife battering was documented in the records in only 18%. The majority of the women (73%) were also known to the social services, but battering was documented in less than half of t...