The renin angiotensin system (RAS) has profound effects on atherosclerosis development in animal models, which is partially complimented by evidence in the human disease. Although angiotensin II was considered to be the principal effector of the RAS, a broader array of bioactive angiotensin peptides have been identified that have increased the scope of enzymes and receptors in the RAS. Genetic ...

We propose a computational investigation on the interaction mechanisms between SARS-CoV-2 spike protein and possible human cell receptors. In particular, we make use of our newly developed numerical method able to determine efficiently effectively relationship complementarity portions surfaces. This innovative general procedure, based representation molecular isoelectronic density surface in te...

Hypertension is a serious risk factor for various diseases. Therefore, lowering and preventing high blood pressure significant issue. Blockage of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS), which controls pressure, important to reduce consequently symptoms heart failure. This blockage can be carried out by angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs). The phe...

The renin-angiotensin and endothelin systems regulate blood pressure, in part, by affecting renal tubular sodium transport. In rodents, ETB receptors decrease proximal tubular reabsorption, whereas AT1 receptors produce the opposite effect. We hypothesize that ETB and AT1 receptors interact at the receptor level, and that the interaction is altered in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs). In ...

Angiotensin II exerts positive inotropic and chronotropic effects on the mammalian heart by binding to specific membrane receptors. Recently, two subtypes of angiotensin II receptors (AT1 and AT2) have been distinguished by using the nonpeptide antagonists losartan (previously known as DuP 753) and PD123177. To evaluate the tissue distribution and subtypes of angiotensin II receptors in rat hea...

The existence and localization of brain angiotensin receptors is well established. However, questions regarding the endogenous ligand for brain angiotensin type 1 (AT(1)) receptors necessitates re-examination of brain angiotensin receptor binding studies. To assess the ability of angiotensin II to bind to the brain AT(1) receptor, radioligand binding studies of rat brain AT(1) receptors were pe...

The angiotensin II receptors mediate the effects of the renin-angiotensin system, which has an important role in cardiovascular (patho)physiology. Four types of angiotensin receptors are known, of which the type 1 (AT1) and the type 2 (AT2) receptors are the most important. Stimulation of the AT1 receptor leads to a cascade of signalling pathways in several cell types, which finally leads to pr...

background: stroke is the third leading cause of invalidism and death in industrialized countries. there are conflicting reports about the effects of angiotensin ii on ischemia-reperfusion brain injuries and most data have come from chronic hypertensive rats. in this study, hypotensive and non-hypotensive doses of candesartan were used to investigate the effects of angiotensin ii at1 receptor b...

An accumulating body of evidence strongly indicates a local tissue renin-angiotensin system in the pancreas of a various species. In contrast to the majority of tissues that primarily express the angiotensin type 1 (AT1) receptor, the pancreas is one of the few tissues that contain a significant proportion of the AT2 subtype. Moreover, our findings indicate a greater distribution angiotensin II...