Both infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and treatment of HIV infection with antiretroviral drugs may affect the function of the heart and the vasculature. Direct infection of target tissues with HIV, inflammation and immunosuppression secondary to HIV infection, and common comorbidities, such as alcohol and drug abuse, may all contribute to impairment of function. Direct effects ...

After a diagnosis of HIV infection is made, the patient needs to be monitored using both clinical assessment and laboratory markers. HIV/AIDS monitoring is essential in guiding when to recommend initiation of therapy. Clinical monitoring will include staging of the HIV/AIDS disease using either the presence or absence of HIV-related signs and symptoms using the WHO staging system. Various labor...

4 Optimal HIV-1 suppression often is difficult to achieve and maintain with currently available antiretroviral drugs, and viral resistance eventually emerges to many drugs. Chronic antiretroviral therapy is also associated with complications such as body fat redistribution, hypertriglyceridemia and hypercholesterolemia, abnormal glucose metabolism, lactic acidosis, pancreatitis, avascular necro...

Antiretroviral therapy has significantly evolved in the last decade, with an increasing number of new drugs and classes. Currently, even heavily experienced patients can be successfully treated with new regimens. In Brazil, the recent incorporation of some new antiretroviral drugs made it possible to suppress HIV plasma viremia in most treated patients, with significant benefits in terms of qua...

We investigated the effects of stigma on uptake of Antiretroviral Therapy among women attending Prevention of Mother to Child Transmission clinics in Kenya. This was a cross sectional descriptive study where all the 280 women who attended 6 health facilities in Rachuonyo North Sub County during the study period were sampled. Data were collected using questionnaires and Key-informant guide for P...

INTRODUCTION The availability of raltegravir plus atazanavir provides an alternative antiretroviral strategy that may be equally efficacious and less toxic than those currently recommended in HIV treatment guidelines. In fact, this new combination antiretroviral therapy attracts the attention of the scientific community because both drugs have a good safety profile coupled with potent antiviral...

background: given to the abundant incidence of malnutrition in hiv+ patients and its effect on progress of aids disease, several studies have recommended supplementation therapy (such as selenium, levamisole, zinc). methods: this clinical trial was prefunded on patient's with hiv + in behavior diseases consulting center, kermanshah, iran 2006-2007. one hundred-seventy eight out of all pati...

Recent developments in antiretroviral therapeutics are summarized. The seven groups of antiretroviral drugs are briefly described, focussing on mechanism of action and new compounds. Updated recommendations of the International AIDS Society are reviewed.