We propose to describe the variety of galaxies from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) by using only one affine parameter. To this aim, we construct the Principal Curve (P-curve) passing through the spine of the data point cloud, considering the eigenspace derived from Principal Component Analysis (PCA) of morphological, physical and photometric galaxy properties. Thus, galaxies can be labeled...

BACKGROUND: Though the development and fitting of scleral contact lenses are expanding steadily, there is no simple method to provide scleral metrics for scleral contact lens fitting yet. The aim of this study was to establish formulae for estimation of the axial radius of curvature (ARC) of the anterior sclera using ocular biometric parameters that can be easily obtained with conventional de...

This paper presents a combinatorial polynomial-time algorithm for minimizing submod-ular set functions. The algorithm employs a scaling scheme that uses a ow in the complete directed graph on the underlying set with each arc capacity equal to the scaled parameter. The resulting algorithm runs in time bounded by a polynomial in the size of the underlying set and the largest length of the functio...

An arc-length equilibrium path-following method is proposed for two-dimensional quasi-static frictional contact problems. We consider the Coulomb friction law as well as geometrical nonlinearity. Incorporating a criterion of maximum dissipation of energy, we propose a formulation as a mathematical program with complementarity constraints (MPCC) in order to avoid unloading solutions in which mos...

This paper presents a control system for manual pulsed Gas Metal Arc Welding (GMAW). This system consists of a current controller, which makes it possible to shape the current during welding, and two important components, which are the key issues discussed in this paper. These components include an arc length controller and a metal transfer controller. The arc length controller is based on a no...

The characteristics of a series direct current (DC) arc-fault including both electrical and thermal parameters were investigated based on an arc-fault simulator to provide references for multi-parameter electrical fire detection method. Tests on arc fault behavior with three different initial circuit voltages, resistances and arc gaps were conducted, respectively. The influences of circuit cond...

It is well known that series arc faults in Low Voltage DC (LVDC) distribution system occur at unintended points of discontinuity within an electrical circuit. These faults can make circuit breakers not respond timely due to low fault current. It, therefore, is needed to detect the series fault for protecting circuits from electrical fires. This paper proposes a novel scheme to detect the series...

Arc-modulated radiation therapy (AMRT) is a novel rotational intensitymodulated radiation therapy (IMRT) technique developed for a clinical linear accelerator that aims to deliver highly conformal radiation treatment using just one arc of gantry rotation. Compared to fixed-gantry IMRT and the multiplearc intensity-modulated arc therapy (IMAT) techniques, AMRT promises the same treatment quality...