BACKGROUND Choke vessels dilate and contract to regulate blood flow between adjacent arterial angiosomes. In skin flap surgery, when arterial inflow to an angiosome is ligated, choke vessels allow blood supply from an adjacent angiosome. In muscle flap surgery, the vascular anatomy is analogous to skin flaps; however, while it is established that the choke vessels will fully dilate irreversibly...

Hyperglycemia has been reported to worsen the tolerance of the brain to ischemia, and it has therefore been recommended that patients undergoing neurosurgical procedures not receive glucose-containing solutions. However, whereas most animal studies have used global ischemia models, most neurosurgical procedures are associated with risks of focal rather than global ischemia. We therefore studied...

The ductus arteriosus is an arterial shunt between the aorta and a pulmonary artery, physiological during fetal development, this period it shunts away part of blood circulation that would go to lungs, which at moment are still afunctional. After birth, there closure duct, its non-occlusion called persistent (PDA), treated surgically. We report clinical case female canine German dwarf spitz bre...

High renin hypertension is usually accompanied by impairment of the baroreceptor reflexes. This feature has been mostly ascribed to overactivity of the renin-angiotensin system. However, renal nerves could also modulate the baroreceptor reflexes. In the present experiments, the effect of renal denervation on the depressed baroreceptor reflexes was studied in rats subjected to aortic ligation be...

Traumatic vertebral arteriovenous fistulae (AVFs) are relatively uncommon lesions that often follow penetrating wounds of the neck or iatrogenic arterial trauma [1-7]. Such posttraumatic single-hole fistulae differ from congenital arteriovenous malformations, which are composed of multiple communications between the cervical arteries and an abnormal vascular nidus [8] . True single-hole vertebr...

BACKGROUND Toll-like receptor 4 (Tlr4) is the receptor for exogenous lipopolysaccharides (LPS). Expression of endogenous Tlr4 ligands, heat shock protein 60 (Hsp60) and extra domain A of fibronectin, has been observed in arthritic and oncological specimens in which matrix turnover is an important feature. In atherosclerosis, outward remodeling is characterized by matrix turnover and a structura...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Numerous clinical studies have evaluated the potential benefits of DGHL for symptomatic hemorrhoids, particularly with regard to the perioperative parameters. However, the exact value of Doppler-assisted localization of vessels in hemorrhoid operations is still not clear. The aim of this study is to systematically analyze the randomized controlled trials on the effecti...

A 28-year-old male with history of Vascular Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome (VEDS) presented left lower extremity acute limb ischemia. CTA demonstrated spontaneous dissection the common iliac artery occlusion and associated contained rupture (Figure 1). Successful stent placement without complications was achieved following principles: 1) Open arterial exposure for endovascular intervention, 2) No touch...

OBJECTIVE Collateral arteriogenesis, the growth of existing arterial vessels to a larger diameter, is a fundamental adaptive response that is often critical for the perfusion and survival of tissues downstream of chronic arterial occlusion(s). Shear stress regulates arteriogenesis; however, the arteriogenic significance of reversed flow direction, occurring in numerous collateral artery segment...