Application of the computer simulation for solving the incompressible flow problems motivates developing efficient and accurate numerical models. The set of Inviscid Incompressible Euler equations can be applied for wide range of engineering applications. For the steady state problems, the equation of continuity can be simultaneously solved with the equations of motion in a coupled manner using...

The coefficient of isothermal compressibility (oil compressibility) is defined as the fractional change of oil volume per unit change in pressure. Though the oil compressibility so defined frequently appears in the partial-differential equations describing fluid flow in porous media, it is rarely used in this form in practical engineering calculations. Instead, oil compressibility is usually as...

Pneumatic Artificial Muscle (PAM) actuator has been widely used in medical and rehabilitation robots, owing to its high power-to-weight ratio and inherent safety characteristics. However, the PAM exhibits highly non-linear and time variant behavior, due to compressibility of air, use of elastic-viscous material as core tube and pantographic motion of the PAM outer sheath. It is difficult to obt...

This paper is concerned with an optimal shape control problem for the stationary Navier–Stokes system. A two–dimensional channel flow of an incompressible, viscous fluid is examined to determine the shape of a bump on a part of the boundary that minimizes the viscous drag. By introducing an artificial compressibility term to relax the incompressibility constraints, we take the penalty method. T...

Pneumatic Artificial Muscle (PAM) overcome the other common actuators as it has higher power-to-weight ratio. However, the air compressibility and lack of damping ability of PAM brings dynamic delay to the pressure response and causes oscillatory motion to occur. It is not easy to realize the motion with high accuracy and high speed due to all the non-linear characteristics of pneumatic system....

Improved electrically powered artificial muscles are needed for generating force, moving objects, and accomplishing work. Carbon nanotube aerogel sheets are the sole component of new artificial muscles that provide giant elongations and elongation rates of 220% and (3.7 x 10(4))% per second, respectively, at operating temperatures from 80 to 1900 kelvin. These solid-state-fabricated sheets are ...

In this paper, an enhanced computational code was developed using finite-volume method for solving the incompressible natural convection flow within the cylindrical cavities. Grids were generated by an easy method with a view to computer program providing. An explicit integration algorithm was applied to find the steady state condition. Also instead of the conventional algorithms of SIMPLE, SIM...

In this summary of previous work, I argue that data becomes temporarily interesting by itself to some selfimproving, but computationally limited, subjective observer once he learns to predict or compress the data in a better way, thus making it subjectively more “beautiful.” Curiosity is the desire to create or discover more non-random, non-arbitrary, “truly novel,” regular data that allows for...