The input of this component is the question sentence and the output is the list of keywords, NE types of the answer, and several kinds of minor information. The sentence is first analyzed by morphological analyzer, JUMAN [JUMAN homepage], and our NE tagger. Words are concatenated if it is a sequence of noun-prefix, nouns and noun-suffix or a NE expression, while the individual words remains (wh...

Since finishing electronic computers ETLMark III and IV last fall, we have been working on the English-to-Japanese electronic translator and reader for English, and we have just completed pilot models of both machines. With these machines, sentences typewritten in English are automatically translated into Japanese. The machine is instructed to translate English into Japanese in the following ma...

Since finishing electronic computers ETLMark III and IV last fall, we have been working on the English-to-Japanese electronic translator and reader for English, and we have just completed pilot models of both machines. With these machines, sentences typewritten in English are automatically translated into Japanese. The machine is instructed to translate English into Japanese in the following ma...

This paper studies entailments between sentences like three boys kissed five girls involving two or more numerically quantified noun phrases that are interpreted as expressing cumulative quantification in the sense of Scha (1984). A precise characterization of when one such sentence entails another such sentence that differs from it only in the numerals is crucially important to evaluate claims...

Heavy-NP shift is the tendency for speakers to place long or “heavy” noun phrase direct objects at the end of a sentence rather than in the canonical postverbal position. Three experiments using several task variations confirmed that length of the noun phrase influenced the ordering of the noun phrase and prepositional phrase during production. We also found that heavy-NP shift was strongly con...

Background: Many studies report that the comprehension of sentences derived by movement of phrases is impaired in agrammatism. However, only few studies have explored the comprehension of sentences that involve a movement of the verb. In several languages, the verb can or should move to the second position of a sentence, creating VSO sentences like ‘‘Yesterday ate the girl a watermelon’’ from a...

A model of sentence comprehension postulating that Subject-Verb-Object relations are specified prior to Noun-Adjective relations received support from a study of the speed at which sentences with various kinds of violations could be rejected. Compatible with the sequential model was the finding that Noun-Verb and Adjective-Noun double violations did not result in shorter RTs than Noun-Verb sing...

Utterances are comprised of words belonging to various syntactic classes (nouns, verbs, adjectives, etc.). The arrangement of these words follows precise syntactic rules, specified in the Grammar of the language. Words are organized into syntactic constituents, and syntactic constituents are organized into a hierarchical tree-like syntactic structure. For example, in the utterance "the little g...

Understanding a complex sentence requires the processing of information at different (e.g., phonological, semantic, and syntactic) levels, the intermediate storage of this information and the unification of this information to compute the meaning of the sentence information. The present investigation homed in on two aspects of sentence processing: working memory and reanalysis. Event-related fu...

Word-retrieval treatment studies in aphasia have reported the greatest influences on picture naming for trained words. To increase treatment effects to untrained words and sentence contexts, we investigated a sentence-reading treatment hierarchy that moves from errorless to generative production of sentences incorporating target nouns and verbs. In an individual with nonfluent aphasia, treatmen...