the translator of a literary text has to observe the semantic sense of the words, the weight, the cultural setting, and other technical features of the original text to yield an acceptable translation in the tl. the accomplishment however is not that easy, for the translator meets some major impediments in performing the task. a translator who is familiar with different critical approaches, a t...

Why do we read literary texts closely? There are plenty of other things to do with literary texts, many of them more fun, some of them even interesting. But the interesting ones, though they may help us in our close reading, or may indeed challenge, limit, or secure its conditions of possibility, belong to other disciplines: psychology, linguistics, sociology of art, anthropology, area studies,...

With the development of Bakhtin's theory of polyphony in literary criticism, the kind of attitude to literary texts has changed, and according to the needs of modern society, this discourse became the focus of attention of thinkers and literary theorists. Polyphony, with its own meta-lingual potentials, brings with it a new approach, a rethinking of the audience, so that the reader can have a n...

In this paper we present the Per-Fide project, aimed at the construction of parallel corpora mapping the Portuguese language to six other languages English, Russian, French, Italian, German and Spanish in various domains including literary, journalistic and religious texts. First we will focus on the corpus design criteria and its main features, particularly those that distinguish this corpus f...

This article explores the signi cant role played by religious groups in the legitimation of the Former Shu founded by Wang Jian in the chaotic early tenth century. Whereas the Daoist priest Du Guangting attempted to legitimate the regime on religious grounds, the Buddhist monk Guanxiu employed his literary talent to depict the military ruler as a savior in a tumultuous age. This article also su...

due to its specific characteristics, special theoretical principles are involved in translation of religious text. the texts of this genre are classified into two categories of divine and non-divine each with its own considerations in the act of translation. nahj-al-balaghah is one of the non-divine islamic texts. two of the well-known translations of it into persian are those by seyed jafar sh...