Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection induces not only chronic liver disease, but also extrahepatic manifestations such as thyroid disease and oral cancer. Thyroid dysfunction is also a complication known to be associated with interferon (IFN) therapy for HCV infection. We report on a 69-year-old Japanese man who developed Graves' ophthalmopathy and tongue cancer (malignant transformation of leukop...

PURPOSE To investigate whether serum levels of soluble Fas (sFas) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) could function as an index of the efficacy of steroid pulse treatment, we examined the serum level of these proteins before and after steroid pulse treatment in thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy patients. METHODS We gathered the blood of thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy patients before or after steroid...

The development of Grave’s ophthalmopathy following radioiodine treatment for Grave’s disease is well recognized. However, development of Grave’s ophthalmopathy following radioiodine therapy given for toxic adenoma or toxic nodular goiter has been reported but very rarely. Hereby, we reported a case of a 69-year-old male patient who developed ophthalmopathy after receiving 30 mCi (1110 mBq) 131...

We report a 71-year-old woman with concomitant ocular myasthenia gravis and euthyroid Graves' ophthalmopathy. Unilateral ophthalmoplegia, including ptosis, initially was responsive to edrophonium and corticosteroids, except for diplopia on upward gaze, but refractory swelling of the inferior rectus muscle and proptosis followed. Autoantibodies to acetylcholine and thyrotropin receptors were det...

Thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy (TAO), or thyroid eye disease, is a complex inflammatory disorder of the eye that, as its name implies, is associated with thyroid disease. TAO can be divided into three subtypes: ocular myopathy, congestive myopathy and mixed congestive and myopathic ophthalmopathy. Although the precise pathophysiology of TAO remains unclear it is likely to reflect an autoimmu...

Background: Graves' disease is a prevalent autoimmune disorder that causes hyperthyroidism. Despite being widely recognized, the risk factors for its associated condition, ophthalmopathy, are not well understood. High Mobility Group Box 1 (HMGB1), damage-associated molecular pattern biomarker, has been linked to diseases and may play role in ophthalmopathy....

AIM The risk factors and epidemiological data for Graves' ophthalmopathy with and without abnormal circulating thyroid levels were examined to determine the relation of thyroid dysfunction to ophthalmopathy. METHODS The authors retrospectively evaluated 482 patients seen with Graves' ophthalmopathy. Of these, 413 were classified as having abnormal levels of circulating thyroid hormone (ALTH) ...

OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to clarify whether Tc-99m HIG (Polyclonal Human Immunoglobulin G) can image and determine the severity of orbital involvement in patients with Graves' ophthalmopathy. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty-six patients between 19 and 56 years old with Graves' ophthalmopathy were examined. All patients received approximately 370 MBq Tc-99m HIG by i.v. injection. Plana...