The production of single photons using rephased amplified spontaneous emission is examined. This process produces single photons on demand with high efficiency by detecting the spontaneous emission from an atomic ensemble, then applying a population-inverting pulse to rephase the ensemble and produce a photon echo of the spontaneous emission events. The theoretical limits on the efficiency of t...

We investigated the effects of laser wavelength on the atomic, ionic, and radiative emission from laser-produced tin plasmas. For generating plasmas, planar tin targets were excited using either high intensity neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet Nd:YAG, 1.06 m or carbon dioxide CO2, 10.6 m laser pulses; both are considered to be potential excitation lasers for an extreme ultraviolet EUV lit...

A weakly magnetized expanding hydrogen plasma, created by a cascaded arc, was investigated using optical emission spectroscopy. The emission of the expanding plasma is dominated by H{α} emission in the first part of the plasma expansion, after which a sharp transition to a blue afterglow is observed. The position of this sharp transition along the expansion axis depends on the magnetic field st...

We report the observation of intense extreme ultraviolet (EUV) emission from incandescently heated atomic hydrogen and atomized strontium. It has been reported that intense EUV emission was observed at low temperatures (e.g. ≈ 10 3 K) from atomic hydrogen and certain atomized elements or certain gaseous ions which ionize at integer multiples of the potential energy of atomic hydrogen, 27.2 eV [...

New X-ray observatories (Chandra and XMM-Newton) are providing a wealth of high-resolution X-ray spectra in which hydrogenand helium-like ions are usually strong features. We present results from a new collisional-radiative plasma code, the Astrophysical Plasma Emission Code (apec), which uses atomic data in the companion Astrophysical Plasma Emission Database (aped) to calculate spectral model...

Introduction: The therapeutic monitoring of lithium, through concentration measurements, is important for individual dose adjustment, as a marker of treatment adherence and to prevent poisoning and side effects. Objectives: Validate and compare two methods – atomic emission and atomic absorption – for the determination of lithium in serum samples. Methodology: Parameters such as specificity, pr...

We show that atomic alignment presents a reliable way to study topology of astrophysical magnetic fields. The effect of atomic alignment arises from modulation of the relative population of the sublevels of atomic ground state pumped by anisotropic radiation flux. As such aligned atoms precess in the external magnetic field and this affects the properties of the polarized radiation arising from...

We apply a new formalism to calculating emission of light from sheared dielectric surfaces. When the surfaces are smooth, the emission of light requires extreme velocities, but introducing surface roughness with short-period components reduces the extreme demands on velocity so that, for atomic-scale roughness, shear velocities as small as 104ms-' will result in light emission. Some order-of-ma...

We study stimulated emission from an excited two-level atom coupled to a waveguide containing an incident single-photon pulse. We show that the strong photon correlation, as induced by the atom, plays a very important role in stimulated emission. Additionally, the temporal duration of the incident photon pulse is shown to have a marked effect on stimulated emission and atomic lifetime.