A liquid has been developed that mimics soft tissue in terms of propagation speed, attenuation, and nonlinearity parameter B/A. Since the slope of the attenuation coefficient is nearly constant up to at least 18 MHz and the value can be anywhere in the range 0.1 through 0.7 dB/(cm MHz), the material is ideal for assessing the effectiveness of attenuation derating of output acoustic intensities ...

Measurements of attenuation anisotropy can provide valuable information for reservoir characterization and monitoring. Here, we analyze cross-hole data generated by perforation shots fired in a horizontal borehole to induce hydraulic fracturing in a tight gas reservoir. The spectral-ratio method is applied to pairs of traces to set up a system of equations for directionally-dependent effective ...

To solve noises affecting the performance of laser communication system problems, this paper studies mathematical model in atmospheric attenuation condition, sets up atmospheric attenuation coefficient of the primary factor aerosol (haze) according to the absorbing and scattering characteristics of the atmosphere, gives output SNR(Signal to Noise Ratio) models under atmosphere attenuation based...

The excess ultrasonic attenuation caused by adding glycogen and inorganic phosphate to liver homogenates has been studied to determine the underlying differences between attenuation coefficients of normal and diffusely diseased livers. Results show that glycogen has a higher than average specific absorption coefficient compared to other large molecular weight biomolecules. Since the glycogen co...

Ultrasonic backscattering measurements by means of spatial averaging technique were carried out in steel to determine the ultrasonic attenuation coefficient. The attenuation coefficients were evaluated from the exponential decay of the backscattering signal. The results were compared with those obtained by evaluating the amplitude decay of the main pulse. Good agreement is observed provided the...

[Abstract] We report an outstanding phenomenon related to the X-ray attenuation induced by carbon nanotubes (CNTs). We observed that the mass attenuation coefficient of CNTs was significantly higher (> 100%) than that observed for highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) and fullerenes (C60). The attenuation coefficient of CNTs increased by reducing the sample thickness. This attenuation pheno...